1 00:00:01.840 --> 00:00:06.780 From now on, we'll dive into real-world examples 2 00:00:08.490 --> 00:00:12.480 Let's look at practical business model examples 3 00:00:14.720 --> 00:00:18.720 In the previous session we learned about 4 00:00:18.720 --> 00:00:21.500 the business model of the video rental market 5 00:00:21.840 --> 00:00:26.959 This is a kind of the leasing and the rental business model 6 00:00:27.450 --> 00:00:31.630 As you can see, this machine is Xerox printer 7 00:00:32.000 --> 00:00:35.629 It performed very well compared to its competitor 8 00:00:36.600 --> 00:00:38.250 For example 9 00:00:38.700 --> 00:00:42.720 It prints three papers in a minute 10 00:00:42.870 --> 00:00:43.919 Three papers 11 00:00:44.069 --> 00:00:45.590 And the competitors? 12 00:00:45.740 --> 00:00:47.590 Competitors only print out 13 00:00:47.590 --> 00:00:49.810 just one paper in three minutes 14 00:00:50.019 --> 00:00:54.720 So functionally, this printer is superior 15 00:00:55.879 --> 00:00:58.329 Only problem was 16 00:00:58.779 --> 00:01:00.989 It is very expensive in prices 17 00:01:02.029 --> 00:01:05.929 So, the Xerox warehouse was full of 18 00:01:05.929 --> 00:01:08.770 new machines that could not be sold 19 00:01:09.009 --> 00:01:11.659 Even though Xerox made a good product 20 00:01:11.659 --> 00:01:13.400 they were almost failed 21 00:01:14.790 --> 00:01:18.290 Then they changed the business model 22 00:01:18.290 --> 00:01:22.019 from just selling product to the rental businesses 23 00:01:22.560 --> 00:01:25.160 Instead of selling machines 24 00:01:25.160 --> 00:01:28.559 They started renting printing machines out 25 00:01:28.559 --> 00:01:32.900 and they get $25 a month 26 00:01:33.270 --> 00:01:34.670 Since then, what happened? 27 00:01:35.070 --> 00:01:36.879 Business has flourished 28 00:01:37.729 --> 00:01:40.729 Every floor of the building in New York City 29 00:01:40.729 --> 00:01:42.950 had Xerox machines 30 00:01:45.359 --> 00:01:48.720 The rental businesses are very popular these days 31 00:01:48.820 --> 00:01:52.080 And you can see them in many places 32 00:01:52.180 --> 00:01:53.230 For example 33 00:01:53.230 --> 00:01:56.680 Heavy equipment and hospital machines 34 00:01:56.680 --> 00:01:57.460 and so on 35 00:01:57.460 --> 00:02:00.750 They use rental or leasing business models 36 00:02:01.360 --> 00:02:04.600 What about the bike shop, clothes rental, 37 00:02:04.600 --> 00:02:07.040 and the video rental as I already mentioned 38 00:02:07.090 --> 00:02:08.639 And the rent cars 39 00:02:08.839 --> 00:02:11.760 These are all rental business models 40 00:02:13.469 --> 00:02:15.649 Remember rental business model 41 00:02:16.310 --> 00:02:17.060 Next 42 00:02:17.479 --> 00:02:20.770 This is a Bait & Hook business model 43 00:02:21.429 --> 00:02:23.859 It is using bait to fish, 44 00:02:23.859 --> 00:02:26.409 where fish means 45 00:02:26.409 --> 00:02:29.539 consumers or real profit making 46 00:02:33.439 --> 00:02:38.089 When Gillette safety razors patent expired 47 00:02:38.089 --> 00:02:42.639 employees of King Gillette were very worried about it 48 00:02:42.820 --> 00:02:45.009 Then King Gillette said that 49 00:02:45.520 --> 00:02:47.070 Don't worry 50 00:02:47.070 --> 00:02:50.820 Give them the razor and sell them the blade 51 00:02:51.440 --> 00:02:56.250 If the consumers has Gillette razors, 52 00:02:56.250 --> 00:03:01.150 they need a specialized blade attached to the Gillette razor 53 00:03:01.679 --> 00:03:03.929 Gillette means 54 00:03:04.129 --> 00:03:06.429 He's going to make money 55 00:03:06.429 --> 00:03:10.289 through the blade, not razors 56 00:03:11.520 --> 00:03:14.160 If you try to purchase the razor, 57 00:03:14.160 --> 00:03:17.569 you will see the price differences right away 58 00:03:17.679 --> 00:03:20.720 Razors are relatively cheap 59 00:03:20.720 --> 00:03:25.679 But blades are very expensive 60 00:03:25.679 --> 00:03:26.679 In this case 61 00:03:26.679 --> 00:03:30.899 razor is a bait and blade is a hook 62 00:03:33.559 --> 00:03:36.119 This guy is John D. Rockefeller 63 00:03:36.119 --> 00:03:39.759 He's known as the richest man in human history 64 00:03:40.309 --> 00:03:43.199 His business is refining oil 65 00:03:43.199 --> 00:03:46.899 Then he dominates the oil market in America 66 00:03:46.899 --> 00:03:48.889 almost 90% 67 00:03:48.889 --> 00:03:50.000 Think about it 68 00:03:50.659 --> 00:03:52.350 After then, what happened? 69 00:03:53.100 --> 00:03:55.770 The market itself matured already 70 00:03:55.770 --> 00:03:58.480 So he wanted to go another market 71 00:03:58.839 --> 00:04:01.489 Which one is additional big market? 72 00:04:01.759 --> 00:04:04.240 Yes, China it is 73 00:04:04.920 --> 00:04:07.109 So he went to China 74 00:04:07.279 --> 00:04:09.229 If I were him 75 00:04:09.229 --> 00:04:11.189 I would advertise my oil 76 00:04:11.189 --> 00:04:14.720 and sign the contract with the vendors in China 77 00:04:14.960 --> 00:04:19.009 But his approach was completely different 78 00:04:19.319 --> 00:04:21.910 Which is why I cannot be Rockefeller 79 00:04:22.399 --> 00:04:25.459 Rockefeller took a lot of oil lamp 80 00:04:25.459 --> 00:04:29.009 and gave them away almost for free 81 00:04:29.009 --> 00:04:30.770 to the Chinese people for the first time 82 00:04:31.090 --> 00:04:34.310 What did the Chinese people need after that? 83 00:04:34.549 --> 00:04:35.679 Yes, of course 84 00:04:35.679 --> 00:04:36.629 Oil 85 00:04:37.540 --> 00:04:39.059 So Rockefeller said that 86 00:04:39.059 --> 00:04:41.419 That is a coincidence 87 00:04:41.419 --> 00:04:43.910 I happen to run oil businesses 88 00:04:43.910 --> 00:04:46.730 and you can purchase the oil right away 89 00:04:46.730 --> 00:04:50.689 This is a kind of Bait & Hook business model 90 00:04:51.719 --> 00:04:54.210 This is so clever, isn't it? 91 00:04:55.600 --> 00:04:59.470 Again, this is Bait & hook business model 92 00:04:59.929 --> 00:05:02.630 Similarly, Bait & Hook business model 93 00:05:02.630 --> 00:05:07.850 are often found in everyday life 94 00:05:08.150 --> 00:05:10.489 Let's look at the coffee machine 95 00:05:10.489 --> 00:05:14.439 Coffee machine with complicated technology in it 96 00:05:14.439 --> 00:05:16.239 are actually relatively cheap 97 00:05:16.880 --> 00:05:20.360 But if you purchase a specific coffee machine 98 00:05:20.360 --> 00:05:24.949 then you must purchase a specialized coffee pot 99 00:05:24.949 --> 00:05:27.940 attached with this certain type of coffee machine 100 00:05:28.399 --> 00:05:30.470 Coffee machine is cheap 101 00:05:30.470 --> 00:05:33.400 but coffee pot is expensive, unfortunately 102 00:05:33.400 --> 00:05:35.190 So the coffee machine is bait 103 00:05:35.190 --> 00:05:37.540 and coffee pot is kind of a hook 104 00:05:38.559 --> 00:05:40.370 So, now you understand that 105 00:05:40.880 --> 00:05:43.319 When you purchase the inkjet printer 106 00:05:43.319 --> 00:05:44.200 then what happens? 107 00:05:44.200 --> 00:05:48.150 You have to keep buying certain specific ink 108 00:05:48.150 --> 00:05:50.479 attached to the inkjet printer 109 00:05:50.880 --> 00:05:53.269 Ink itself is very expensive 110 00:05:53.860 --> 00:05:56.959 The same goes for the digital camera 111 00:05:57.540 --> 00:06:00.070 When you purchase certain types of digital camera 112 00:06:00.070 --> 00:06:05.059 then you have to purchase a specialized lens attached to 113 00:06:05.059 --> 00:06:07.359 the certain kind of digital camera 114 00:06:10.670 --> 00:06:14.520 The same goes for wet mop 115 00:06:14.520 --> 00:06:16.510 that cleans the floor 116 00:06:16.720 --> 00:06:21.290 You need to keep buying cleaning clothes in boxes 117 00:06:21.290 --> 00:06:24.420 They are disposable and expensive 118 00:06:26.540 --> 00:06:29.329 What about the mobile game? 119 00:06:29.329 --> 00:06:32.130 You can play the mobile game for almost free 120 00:06:32.130 --> 00:06:36.559 but you need to purchase items 121 00:06:36.559 --> 00:06:39.979 to update or reduce the loading time 122 00:06:40.129 --> 00:06:45.379 This item looks like a hook 123 00:06:45.679 --> 00:06:50.010 and the mobile game itself is a bait 124 00:06:52.659 --> 00:06:53.759 Remember 125 00:06:53.759 --> 00:06:56.119 The Bait & Hook business model is very useful 126 00:06:56.119 --> 00:06:56.919 Next 127 00:06:57.619 --> 00:07:00.539 Let's move on to the Subscription business model 128 00:07:00.539 --> 00:07:01.459 Subscription 129 00:07:01.509 --> 00:07:05.429 Subscription is literally 130 00:07:05.429 --> 00:07:08.650 you pay a certain amount of the money 131 00:07:08.650 --> 00:07:11.459 for a certain amount of the period 132 00:07:11.769 --> 00:07:14.379 and you get a service 133 00:07:15.779 --> 00:07:20.729 This picture is Dollar Shave Club 134 00:07:20.820 --> 00:07:23.420 When you subscribe this company 135 00:07:23.420 --> 00:07:25.230 This company sends you 136 00:07:25.230 --> 00:07:27.850 a simple shaving tool regularly 137 00:07:27.850 --> 00:07:30.150 It is a very simple model 138 00:07:30.500 --> 00:07:33.880 The founder of Dollar Shave Club 139 00:07:34.100 --> 00:07:37.940 spent $5,000 to promote this company 140 00:07:37.940 --> 00:07:41.459 and filmed a short commercial video 141 00:07:42.109 --> 00:07:44.889 Let's take a look at it together 142 00:07:50.339 --> 00:07:52.429 How about the video? 143 00:07:52.429 --> 00:07:54.490 It looks very humble, isn't it? 144 00:07:54.739 --> 00:07:58.090 But this video became a big hit 145 00:07:58.090 --> 00:08:00.769 and it was a very successful 146 00:08:02.250 --> 00:08:05.379 Thanks to the success of the video 147 00:08:05.379 --> 00:08:09.990 the company could attract tons of subscribers 148 00:08:10.200 --> 00:08:11.359 Then later, what happened? 149 00:08:11.359 --> 00:08:15.760 Dollar Shave Club was successfully sold to 150 00:08:15.760 --> 00:08:17.359 the Union Lever 151 00:08:17.359 --> 00:08:18.300 The Union Lever 152 00:08:18.300 --> 00:08:21.789 Global company Union Lever for $1 billion 153 00:08:23.150 --> 00:08:28.140 So, do not underestimate the importance of viral video 154 00:08:31.049 --> 00:08:32.510 Spotify 155 00:08:32.510 --> 00:08:35.419 Spotify is one of the famous companies 156 00:08:35.419 --> 00:08:38.069 that use the subscription business model 157 00:08:38.460 --> 00:08:43.070 The total consumers are about 675 million 158 00:08:43.070 --> 00:08:49.299 of which 263 million is paid subscribers 159 00:08:49.449 --> 00:08:52.649 So that's why Spotify makes tons of money 160 00:08:54.099 --> 00:08:55.849 What about Costco? 161 00:08:55.940 --> 00:08:58.429 Costco, as you already know, 162 00:08:58.429 --> 00:09:00.410 get an annual subscription 163 00:09:00.410 --> 00:09:02.260 You have to pay membership 164 00:09:02.260 --> 00:09:04.839 so you can go into this store 165 00:09:05.489 --> 00:09:07.389 Costco's membership fee 166 00:09:07.389 --> 00:09:09.699 is very important for Costco 167 00:09:12.710 --> 00:09:16.010 Do you know how much membership fee account for 168 00:09:16.010 --> 00:09:17.989 in total profit for Costco? 169 00:09:19.079 --> 00:09:20.520 Guess how much it is 170 00:09:22.259 --> 00:09:23.709 10% of them? 171 00:09:25.129 --> 00:09:26.390 30% of them? 172 00:09:26.820 --> 00:09:28.250 Good guess 173 00:09:28.569 --> 00:09:32.460 But the right answer is 120% 174 00:09:32.900 --> 00:09:34.450 120% 175 00:09:35.020 --> 00:09:36.520 In other words 176 00:09:36.520 --> 00:09:38.720 Selling things at Costco 177 00:09:39.120 --> 00:09:40.780 is kind of a loss 178 00:09:40.780 --> 00:09:44.200 and membership fee recovers the loss 179 00:09:44.780 --> 00:09:46.039 Isn't it amazing? 180 00:09:46.959 --> 00:09:50.290 This is the power of subscription 181 00:09:51.290 --> 00:09:53.810 There are a lot of companies 182 00:09:53.810 --> 00:09:57.050 that have applied the subscription model in their field 183 00:09:57.050 --> 00:09:58.090 For example 184 00:09:58.340 --> 00:10:01.580 This company sends cosmetic products regularly 185 00:10:01.580 --> 00:10:04.119 if you subscribe to their service 186 00:10:05.140 --> 00:10:08.950 And the pet companies are also applying 187 00:10:08.950 --> 00:10:10.500 the subscription business model 188 00:10:10.700 --> 00:10:12.660 There are plans for 189 00:10:12.660 --> 00:10:15.960 one month, six months, and 12 months plans 190 00:10:16.020 --> 00:10:18.859 If you subscribe to this program 191 00:10:18.859 --> 00:10:21.109 it seems like they send you 192 00:10:21.109 --> 00:10:25.339 a pet-related product on a regular basis 193 00:10:28.510 --> 00:10:29.479 Next 194 00:10:29.669 --> 00:10:32.669 Next is a business model 195 00:10:32.669 --> 00:10:34.260 called Home Try-On 196 00:10:35.100 --> 00:10:37.489 It is a business model that was 197 00:10:38.219 --> 00:10:41.490 initiated by eyeglasses company 198 00:10:41.490 --> 00:10:44.030 called Warby Parker in New York City 199 00:10:44.180 --> 00:10:45.369 Think about it 200 00:10:46.369 --> 00:10:50.220 You have to go to the store to purchase eyeglasses 201 00:10:50.220 --> 00:10:52.859 Because you have to try them on 202 00:10:52.859 --> 00:10:56.409 to see if they look good or not 203 00:10:56.700 --> 00:10:57.700 However 204 00:10:57.700 --> 00:11:01.759 If you do the eyeglasses business online 205 00:11:01.759 --> 00:11:03.629 then there's a problem 206 00:11:03.629 --> 00:11:06.359 that consumers cannot try on 207 00:11:07.509 --> 00:11:10.950 Warby Parker solved these problems like this 208 00:11:11.780 --> 00:11:13.050 How? 209 00:11:13.109 --> 00:11:18.119 First, they put five eyeglasses in one box 210 00:11:18.910 --> 00:11:21.219 And then they send them 211 00:11:21.230 --> 00:11:23.900 to the consumers directly 212 00:11:23.900 --> 00:11:25.390 And at home, 213 00:11:25.390 --> 00:11:28.840 the consumers try on all the five glasses 214 00:11:31.329 --> 00:11:33.330 If the consumer likes one of them, 215 00:11:33.330 --> 00:11:36.619 then they just keep one 216 00:11:36.619 --> 00:11:39.640 and put the rest of them back in the box 217 00:11:39.850 --> 00:11:42.579 and then just send it back to the company 218 00:11:42.889 --> 00:11:43.789 Then what happens? 219 00:11:43.789 --> 00:11:47.050 The company gets it back 220 00:11:47.050 --> 00:11:50.109 and pays with the consumer's credit card 221 00:11:50.109 --> 00:11:52.599 because you kept just one eyeglasses 222 00:11:52.900 --> 00:11:54.189 What do you think? 223 00:11:54.979 --> 00:11:56.450 Isn't it cool? 224 00:11:59.480 --> 00:12:03.150 The fashion company copied exactly the same 225 00:12:03.150 --> 00:12:05.270 this home-try-on business model 226 00:12:05.480 --> 00:12:08.780 This company asked consumers 227 00:12:08.780 --> 00:12:12.339 to write about their body size 228 00:12:12.339 --> 00:12:15.059 and put the body size into the website 229 00:12:15.200 --> 00:12:18.810 And asked them to choose their style they want 230 00:12:19.140 --> 00:12:22.790 Then, the hired professional stylist 231 00:12:22.790 --> 00:12:25.000 select a few items 232 00:12:25.000 --> 00:12:27.980 a few fashion items for the consumers 233 00:12:27.980 --> 00:12:30.410 and sent them to the consumers in the box 234 00:12:30.410 --> 00:12:34.529 This box is kind of a trunk box 235 00:12:36.389 --> 00:12:38.780 The consumers open the box at home 236 00:12:38.780 --> 00:12:41.290 and try on the fashion items at home 237 00:12:41.290 --> 00:12:42.740 and make the decision 238 00:12:43.000 --> 00:12:45.100 Exactly the same as Warby Parker 239 00:12:45.100 --> 00:12:47.059 The decision process 240 00:12:47.709 --> 00:12:50.090 If the consumer likes some of them 241 00:12:50.090 --> 00:12:51.819 they keep some of them 242 00:12:51.819 --> 00:12:55.480 and send the rest of them back to the company 243 00:12:55.480 --> 00:12:59.660 Then the company takes care of everything later on 244 00:12:59.760 --> 00:13:02.710 This is a Home Try-On business model 245 00:13:02.710 --> 00:13:04.300 for the fashion company 246 00:13:06.390 --> 00:13:08.440 Surprisingly 247 00:13:08.440 --> 00:13:11.299 One of the big department stores in America, 248 00:13:11.299 --> 00:13:14.609 Nordstrom acquired this fashion startup 249 00:13:14.609 --> 00:13:15.739 For how much? 250 00:13:15.739 --> 00:13:17.640 $350 million 251 00:13:18.020 --> 00:13:20.379 Not because of the fashion itself 252 00:13:20.379 --> 00:13:24.230 but because of their subscribers 253 00:13:28.220 --> 00:13:36.180 Next up is Freemium business model 254 00:13:37.340 --> 00:13:39.670 We say it is a freemium 255 00:13:40.220 --> 00:13:41.369 As you can see 256 00:13:41.369 --> 00:13:43.019 Freemium business model is 257 00:13:43.019 --> 00:13:45.160 a combination of free service 258 00:13:45.160 --> 00:13:48.429 and premium service at the same time 259 00:13:49.529 --> 00:13:51.310 When I was in America 260 00:13:51.310 --> 00:13:55.310 I also used Skype premium service 261 00:13:55.460 --> 00:13:58.880 I remember that I paid about 262 00:13:59.930 --> 00:14:02.910 $15 a month on average 263 00:14:03.310 --> 00:14:05.859 Because I was on the computer 264 00:14:05.859 --> 00:14:10.349 and my mom, who answered my phone call 265 00:14:10.349 --> 00:14:11.989 didn't know how to use a computer 266 00:14:12.179 --> 00:14:16.487 So, I had to call my mom's cell phone 267 00:14:16.487 --> 00:14:17.850 from my computer 268 00:14:19.300 --> 00:14:23.219 This is a premium service that Skype provide us 269 00:14:23.219 --> 00:14:25.119 This premium service was to 270 00:14:25.119 --> 00:14:27.560 call from computer to the cell phone 271 00:14:28.360 --> 00:14:32.100 Skype charged me about $15 a month 272 00:14:34.759 --> 00:14:37.910 Another example would be the SurveyMonkey 273 00:14:37.910 --> 00:14:40.329 Have you heard about the name of the SurveyMonkey? 274 00:14:40.529 --> 00:14:42.890 SurveyMonkey used 275 00:14:42.890 --> 00:14:46.169 the freemium business model 276 00:14:46.419 --> 00:14:48.949 You can use this service for free 277 00:14:48.949 --> 00:14:51.590 if you want to make a survey questions 278 00:14:51.590 --> 00:14:55.080 But if you want to use the advanced service 279 00:14:55.080 --> 00:14:59.012 like analysis of statistics 280 00:14:59.012 --> 00:15:00.209 You have to pay 281 00:15:01.459 --> 00:15:04.840 Because this is kind of a premium service 282 00:15:05.140 --> 00:15:06.650 So, again 283 00:15:06.650 --> 00:15:08.750 Almost everything is free of charge 284 00:15:08.750 --> 00:15:11.999 But some functions are premium 285 00:15:13.610 --> 00:15:17.109 Let's move on to the Advertising business model 286 00:15:18.359 --> 00:15:19.990 Look at this newspaper 287 00:15:20.290 --> 00:15:22.290 In case of the newspaper 288 00:15:22.290 --> 00:15:25.140 we use advertising business model 289 00:15:26.090 --> 00:15:30.619 You can see there are many blank spots in a page 290 00:15:30.619 --> 00:15:33.989 and this is a place to advertise 291 00:15:34.360 --> 00:15:38.080 That's why we can read the newspaper relatively cheap 292 00:15:38.730 --> 00:15:42.459 The main revenue source from the newspaper 293 00:15:42.659 --> 00:15:45.200 is not consumer usage 294 00:15:45.200 --> 00:15:49.230 But from advertisement from the advertisers 295 00:15:51.660 --> 00:15:52.839 Let's look at Google 296 00:15:52.839 --> 00:15:54.939 We always use Google 297 00:15:54.939 --> 00:15:57.069 But we never paid for it 298 00:15:57.669 --> 00:16:02.039 This is because Google doesn't get paid directly from us 299 00:16:02.500 --> 00:16:05.050 But from advertisers 300 00:16:05.050 --> 00:16:07.930 who knew that we use Google a lot 301 00:16:07.930 --> 00:16:10.640 and want to advertise their products and services 302 00:16:11.299 --> 00:16:13.619 So, the Google's success 303 00:16:13.619 --> 00:16:17.039 lies in its advertising business model 304 00:16:19.319 --> 00:16:21.429 What about Facebook? 305 00:16:21.989 --> 00:16:26.659 Facebook is using an advertising business model 306 00:16:27.309 --> 00:16:29.659 Recently, our university 307 00:16:29.659 --> 00:16:31.459 advertised on Facebook 308 00:16:31.459 --> 00:16:33.559 to promote our graduate school 309 00:16:33.930 --> 00:16:37.189 There is a fixed unit price for the advertising 310 00:16:37.299 --> 00:16:39.729 But it is quite expensive 311 00:16:41.299 --> 00:16:43.849 It could be very expensive 312 00:16:43.849 --> 00:16:45.980 How many companies and organizations 313 00:16:45.980 --> 00:16:49.500 advertise on Facebook all over the world? 314 00:16:49.859 --> 00:16:52.580 So, it is no coincidence that 315 00:16:52.580 --> 00:16:55.029 Mark Zuckerberg could have become 316 00:16:55.029 --> 00:16:57.129 one of the richest guys in the world 317 00:16:57.129 --> 00:16:58.379 in a short period of time 318 00:16:58.529 --> 00:17:01.930 This is the power of the advertising business model 319 00:17:04.850 --> 00:17:08.600 Pokemon Go games are also 320 00:17:08.600 --> 00:17:09.980 an advertising business model 321 00:17:09.980 --> 00:17:13.060 The game itself is used for free 322 00:17:13.060 --> 00:17:16.810 But the company makes the money through the advertisers 323 00:17:16.810 --> 00:17:18.060 For example 324 00:17:18.210 --> 00:17:21.100 You see the Target market, right? 325 00:17:21.100 --> 00:17:23.580 Pokemon Go signed a contract 326 00:17:23.580 --> 00:17:26.380 with a place like American retailers, Target 327 00:17:26.500 --> 00:17:30.660 And Target pays Pokemon Go 328 00:17:30.660 --> 00:17:36.589 Then, a very interesting and strange monsters 329 00:17:36.589 --> 00:17:40.380 appears in front of the Target store exclusively 330 00:17:40.380 --> 00:17:41.719 So, the consumer knows it 331 00:17:41.719 --> 00:17:43.969 The consumers try to catch 332 00:17:43.969 --> 00:17:46.419 this interesting monster 333 00:17:46.419 --> 00:17:48.539 throughout the Pokemon Go game 334 00:17:48.539 --> 00:17:51.140 That's why they go to the Target 335 00:17:51.140 --> 00:17:54.190 This is the Advertising business model 336 00:17:54.190 --> 00:17:57.779 between the Pokemon Go and the Target 337 00:17:58.729 --> 00:18:03.079 I think you understood very well, right? 338 00:18:04.579 --> 00:18:06.979 This is 339 00:18:06.979 --> 00:18:09.379 Multi-Sided Platform business model 340 00:18:09.540 --> 00:18:13.469 If the company connects two different sides 341 00:18:13.469 --> 00:18:17.380 we say it is Multi-Sided Platform business 342 00:18:17.480 --> 00:18:21.460 Originally, platform means train stations 343 00:18:21.460 --> 00:18:23.140 It is kind of a space 344 00:18:23.140 --> 00:18:26.460 that connects passengers and trains 345 00:18:26.460 --> 00:18:31.109 It introduced that concept into the businesses 346 00:18:31.559 --> 00:18:36.000 We have buyers and also we have sellers 347 00:18:36.000 --> 00:18:38.520 We created some kind of marketplace 348 00:18:38.520 --> 00:18:40.389 where they meet together 349 00:18:40.660 --> 00:18:43.010 This marketplace is called as 350 00:18:43.010 --> 00:18:44.649 Multi-Sided Platform 351 00:18:47.549 --> 00:18:51.260 Here is a realtor, real estate agency, 352 00:18:51.260 --> 00:18:54.010 and this person 353 00:18:54.010 --> 00:18:56.739 connected the buyer for the house 354 00:18:56.739 --> 00:18:59.319 and the sellers for the houses 355 00:18:59.419 --> 00:19:05.150 And they help you with related contracts 356 00:19:05.250 --> 00:19:06.960 And in return 357 00:19:06.960 --> 00:19:09.960 she gets commission from both sides 358 00:19:10.460 --> 00:19:13.089 Same thing happens to the car dealer shops 359 00:19:16.139 --> 00:19:17.589 Do you know the credit list? 360 00:19:17.589 --> 00:19:19.300 This is the credit list 361 00:19:19.300 --> 00:19:22.920 This is a kind of an old website 362 00:19:22.920 --> 00:19:24.580 But still a popular platform 363 00:19:24.880 --> 00:19:27.760 You will find out when you go inside 364 00:19:29.410 --> 00:19:32.685 It is organized by a region and cities 365 00:19:33.435 --> 00:19:37.136 This is Chicago right now in America 366 00:19:37.136 --> 00:19:39.810 But you probably have your cities too 367 00:19:40.260 --> 00:19:43.369 I used it a lot when I was in America 368 00:19:43.369 --> 00:19:46.919 to purchase used furnitures 369 00:19:46.919 --> 00:19:49.340 and to get a room 370 00:19:49.340 --> 00:19:54.169 This company is very profitable from commissions 371 00:19:54.439 --> 00:19:56.660 from both sides 372 00:19:56.979 --> 00:19:58.599 What about eBay? 373 00:19:59.489 --> 00:20:01.599 The same goes for eBay 374 00:20:02.099 --> 00:20:05.800 It connects the sellers to the buyers 375 00:20:05.939 --> 00:20:08.470 and eBay on the commissions 376 00:20:08.779 --> 00:20:11.980 When founder Pierre Omidyar started eBay 377 00:20:12.349 --> 00:20:15.189 there was no online payment system in it 378 00:20:15.300 --> 00:20:21.889 So, the users sent a check to his home directly 379 00:20:23.140 --> 00:20:24.650 But think about it 380 00:20:24.650 --> 00:20:27.660 There are tons of checks from out there 381 00:20:27.780 --> 00:20:32.939 So, Pierre should get a part-time employee 382 00:20:33.140 --> 00:20:35.190 But one part-timer 383 00:20:35.190 --> 00:20:37.859 couldn't handle the many checks 384 00:20:37.859 --> 00:20:40.520 So, Pierre quit his daily job 385 00:20:40.520 --> 00:20:42.969 and he devoted himself to eBay 386 00:20:43.019 --> 00:20:48.019 So, eBay later became a big company 387 00:20:50.679 --> 00:20:52.889 No wonder people pay so much 388 00:20:52.889 --> 00:20:56.779 eBay became profitable a year after it started 389 00:20:57.429 --> 00:20:59.779 It never lost money 390 00:20:59.779 --> 00:21:01.329 because of the commission 391 00:21:03.699 --> 00:21:07.260 The same goes for Alibaba.com in China 392 00:21:07.260 --> 00:21:09.769 With Jack Ma's internet businesses 393 00:21:09.769 --> 00:21:12.410 the goal of Alibaba.com was 394 00:21:12.410 --> 00:21:15.980 to allow a lot of small companies in China 395 00:21:16.180 --> 00:21:20.079 to be exposed to global companies overseas 396 00:21:21.029 --> 00:21:24.099 So, on the other hand 397 00:21:24.099 --> 00:21:26.349 many companies out therex 398 00:21:26.349 --> 00:21:31.140 can also find out the factories in China 399 00:21:31.690 --> 00:21:34.779 That's why Alibaba is a platform 400 00:21:34.779 --> 00:21:38.070 that was created for the B2B purpose 401 00:21:39.859 --> 00:21:42.099 It is called Open Sesame 402 00:21:42.099 --> 00:21:43.219 Do you know that? 403 00:21:43.619 --> 00:21:48.489 Later, Alibaba will create Taobao, 404 00:21:48.489 --> 00:21:50.620 a consumer-to-consumer website 405 00:21:50.620 --> 00:21:52.409 You know the story, right? 406 00:21:57.860 --> 00:21:59.180 Look at the Uber 407 00:21:59.980 --> 00:22:04.760 Uber is a bit of a unique platform 408 00:22:05.310 --> 00:22:07.210 Uber is a platform that 409 00:22:07.210 --> 00:22:10.739 connects consumers who want a taxi service 410 00:22:11.489 --> 00:22:14.770 with the people who can provide this service 411 00:22:14.770 --> 00:22:17.019 But the important thing is 412 00:22:17.319 --> 00:22:21.130 the service providers are not professional taxi drivers 413 00:22:21.480 --> 00:22:22.739 In other words 414 00:22:22.900 --> 00:22:25.300 The service providers are 415 00:22:25.300 --> 00:22:27.050 general public like us 416 00:22:27.240 --> 00:22:28.840 Anyone can become 417 00:22:28.840 --> 00:22:32.009 a service provider in an Uber platform 418 00:22:32.009 --> 00:22:34.100 and they can make additional money 419 00:22:35.459 --> 00:22:39.609 It is actually true that 420 00:22:40.209 --> 00:22:44.320 it is in a gray area of the law 421 00:22:44.520 --> 00:22:45.820 Think about it 422 00:22:46.120 --> 00:22:49.170 If Uber turns anybody 423 00:22:49.170 --> 00:22:52.249 into a service provider like taxi drivers 424 00:22:52.420 --> 00:22:54.270 then professionals, 425 00:22:54.270 --> 00:22:56.260 for example, professional taxi drivers 426 00:22:56.260 --> 00:22:58.889 who spent the money and time 427 00:22:58.889 --> 00:23:02.589 trying to qualify themselves 428 00:23:02.589 --> 00:23:03.809 will be very upset 429 00:23:04.260 --> 00:23:07.110 But from a business point of view 430 00:23:07.110 --> 00:23:11.189 Uber's business model has inspired many areas 431 00:23:13.879 --> 00:23:16.870 Look at this Uber for doggy walker 432 00:23:17.140 --> 00:23:18.589 Isn't it interesting? 433 00:23:18.589 --> 00:23:20.390 This Uber for doggy walker 434 00:23:20.390 --> 00:23:22.890 connects us to somebody 435 00:23:22.890 --> 00:23:25.129 who can take care of your dog 436 00:23:25.129 --> 00:23:28.860 Doggy walkers are just ordinary people like us 437 00:23:29.160 --> 00:23:31.140 They don't have to be professional 438 00:23:31.140 --> 00:23:35.369 But if they enrolled for the doggy walker in this website 439 00:23:35.369 --> 00:23:37.990 then they can make additional incomes 440 00:23:39.859 --> 00:23:42.009 What about Uber for laundry? 441 00:23:42.009 --> 00:23:45.340 You know what the concept is, right? 442 00:23:45.340 --> 00:23:48.190 It is a platform that connects the people 443 00:23:48.190 --> 00:23:49.659 who need the laundry service 444 00:23:49.659 --> 00:23:53.139 to the people who can provide the laundry service 445 00:23:53.389 --> 00:23:56.989 But the service providers are not professional 446 00:23:56.989 --> 00:23:59.489 They are just normal individuals like us 447 00:24:01.300 --> 00:24:03.819 This is Uber for lawnmower 448 00:24:03.819 --> 00:24:06.670 Isn't it interesting? 449 00:24:06.670 --> 00:24:09.519 The local newspaper covered this story 450 00:24:09.519 --> 00:24:11.369 about the Uber for lawnmower 451 00:24:13.459 --> 00:24:17.699 Let's move on to the Airbnb Type platform 452 00:24:17.780 --> 00:24:21.319 Airbnb is also one of the great platform 453 00:24:21.319 --> 00:24:24.369 but a little bit difference is 454 00:24:24.369 --> 00:24:27.830 connecting consumers and host 455 00:24:28.020 --> 00:24:32.260 And there is a concept of the space rental 456 00:24:33.060 --> 00:24:36.820 So, I took it out separately 457 00:24:36.820 --> 00:24:39.770 as Airbnb types of platform 458 00:24:39.770 --> 00:24:43.039 from general platform businesses 459 00:24:45.839 --> 00:24:48.149 If you are a platform that connects 460 00:24:48.149 --> 00:24:50.049 a specialized recording room 461 00:24:50.049 --> 00:24:53.010 to the singers or someone who need it 462 00:24:53.310 --> 00:24:56.730 It would be Airbnb for recording room 463 00:24:57.430 --> 00:24:59.250 Airbnb for the recording room 464 00:25:01.050 --> 00:25:04.159 This company is an online platform 465 00:25:04.159 --> 00:25:07.700 that connects tourists or travelers with 466 00:25:08.300 --> 00:25:12.289 someone who owns a private yacht 467 00:25:12.289 --> 00:25:15.769 or private boat 468 00:25:16.219 --> 00:25:20.380 We can see it is Airbnb for boat 469 00:25:24.849 --> 00:25:26.249 Let me summarize 470 00:25:26.819 --> 00:25:29.319 So far, we have discussed about 471 00:25:29.319 --> 00:25:31.740 the Leasing and Rental business model 472 00:25:31.740 --> 00:25:34.839 Do you remember the Xerox printer? 473 00:25:35.699 --> 00:25:38.879 Second example would be Bait & Hook business model 474 00:25:39.679 --> 00:25:44.549 Please remind John D. Rockefeller's oil business in China 475 00:25:45.619 --> 00:25:48.139 And next, Subscription business model 476 00:25:48.139 --> 00:25:51.129 Subscription business model is so popular 477 00:25:51.579 --> 00:25:55.279 Think about Dollar Shave Club 478 00:25:55.279 --> 00:25:57.969 or Spotify businesses 479 00:25:59.960 --> 00:26:02.299 What about Home Try-On business model? 480 00:26:02.299 --> 00:26:04.849 You can apply this Home Try-On business model 481 00:26:04.849 --> 00:26:05.939 into your area 482 00:26:06.679 --> 00:26:09.550 Then you can successfully run your businesses 483 00:26:10.199 --> 00:26:12.280 What about Freemium business model? 484 00:26:12.864 --> 00:26:14.164 You can provide your service 485 00:26:14.164 --> 00:26:18.344 almost for free for almost all users 486 00:26:18.344 --> 00:26:21.304 And then you prepare advanced service 487 00:26:21.304 --> 00:26:23.724 for the Freemium users 488 00:26:24.124 --> 00:26:27.204 Next one is Advertising business model 489 00:26:27.204 --> 00:26:29.984 You can make a great service and product 490 00:26:29.984 --> 00:26:31.034 then you can attract 491 00:26:31.034 --> 00:26:33.823 so many consumers all over the world 492 00:26:33.823 --> 00:26:36.473 Then you don't have to charge the money 493 00:26:36.473 --> 00:26:37.743 to your consumers 494 00:26:37.743 --> 00:26:40.624 Instead, you attract advertisers 495 00:26:40.624 --> 00:26:42.974 and they are ready to pay your service 496 00:26:42.974 --> 00:26:44.344 for their advertisement 497 00:26:44.344 --> 00:26:48.283 Then you can make tons of money like Google and Facebook 498 00:26:49.544 --> 00:26:52.524 Lastly, but not leastly 499 00:26:52.524 --> 00:26:55.663 This is a Multi-Sided Platform businesses 500 00:26:55.963 --> 00:26:58.024 There are tons of multi-sided platforms 501 00:26:58.024 --> 00:27:00.744 If you are able to create a marketplace 502 00:27:00.744 --> 00:27:02.944 that connect sellers and buyers 503 00:27:02.944 --> 00:27:06.024 then you will successfully run your businesses 504 00:27:06.674 --> 00:27:09.054 And there are very special types of 505 00:27:09.054 --> 00:27:12.343 multi-sided platform businesses such as Uber 506 00:27:12.643 --> 00:27:13.843 You can apply this 507 00:27:13.843 --> 00:27:16.503 Uber types of business model for your business area 508 00:27:16.503 --> 00:27:17.653 Uber for something 509 00:27:17.653 --> 00:27:19.203 Uber for A, Uber for B 510 00:27:19.203 --> 00:27:20.933 That could be a great business model 511 00:27:20.933 --> 00:27:23.684 What about Airbnb types of business model? 512 00:27:23.684 --> 00:27:27.703 Airbnb's specialty is a space rental 513 00:27:27.703 --> 00:27:30.054 If you have any specialized space 514 00:27:30.054 --> 00:27:32.184 such as a storage or a parking lot 515 00:27:32.184 --> 00:27:34.903 then you can create a website 516 00:27:34.903 --> 00:27:36.803 to connect the people 517 00:27:36.803 --> 00:27:38.463 who need a parking lot or storage 518 00:27:38.464 --> 00:27:40.864 and the people 519 00:27:40.864 --> 00:27:43.743 who has a parking lot and storage unused 520 00:27:44.193 --> 00:27:46.284 That could be great business model 521 00:27:46.284 --> 00:27:48.224 which is Airbnb types of business model 522 00:27:48.224 --> 00:27:51.394 You can make your business Airbnb for something 523 00:27:51.394 --> 00:27:53.614 It could be great business model 524 00:27:53.914 --> 00:27:56.724 I hope that this lecture was 525 00:27:56.724 --> 00:27:59.074 very helpful for you to understand 526 00:27:59.074 --> 00:28:00.864 the concept of a business model 527 00:28:00.864 --> 00:28:04.463 and the example of the business model 528 00:28:04.463 --> 00:28:06.454 Thank you for watching this session