Realistic Basics Introduction to Modeling
GCC Academy
Hi, I'm Hwang Seong-min, in charge of the 3D Blender lectures
In the previous lecture, we familiarized ourselves with 3D Blender
In this session, we will use Blender
to create a small, cute space,
allowing us to freely explore its features
in 3D Blender
This means we will delve into modeling,
which can be challenging
for beginners
Understanding shortcut keys and terminology
might be difficult initially
Since this session focuses on modeling,
I will explain the relevant shortcuts
and terms as we go along
I plan to proceed with the lecture at a slow pace,
so feel free to watch it first
and then follow along
Creating a Space in Blender
Let's start by creating a space
From this lecture onward, we will maximize
the use of shortcut keys
I will explain each shortcut
as we progress
Currently, there is nothing to work on
in the splash screen
So I will begin
by refining the initial Blender workspace
Press A to select all objects,
light, cube, and camera,
all three objects
And press X to delete them
Then, press Shift + A
to create a new cube
In the Properties panel on the right,
adjust the Scale value
to increase the space size slightly
To prevent the cube from interfering with the viewport grid,
use the Move Tool adjust the Z-axis position
The shortcut for Move Tool is G key,
and to move to the Z-axis, press Z
and drag the mouse
Switch to Edit Mode
by pressing Tab
Then, change to Face Select Mode
and select all three faces
The shortcut for the Face Select Mode is 3
Let's delete all three faces
The reason for this is
to create an open space
with a visible section
Press X to delete the faces
We have three remaining surfaces to structure the space
To create a window,
we will cut a square hole in one of the faces
While in Edit Mode,
switch to Edge Select Mode
The shortcut for Edit Select Mode is 2
Use the Loop Cut Tool to add edges
Use Ctrl + R for it
Click with the mouse to create a cut,
press ESC to exit the loop cut mode,
and in the Adjust Last Operation panel,
adjust the Edge count to 2
If the panel is not visible,
click the arrow at the bottom left to reveal it
To position the window correctly,
use the Move Tool
by pressing G
And move along the Z-axis
by pressing Z
After adding the loop cuts,
move the edge
Also, add edges
and position them
Once you have shaped the window,
let's delete where it will be windows
Switch to Face Select Mode
and select and delete the face
Press 3 to switch to Face Select Mode
Press X to delete
Let's give the wall thickness
Go to the Properties panel and select Modifiers
Choose Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
A new settings panel
will appear in Properties
Next, let's adjust the Thickness
and Offset values accordingly
Holding Shift while dragging
will allow for fine adjustments
This will increase the thickness,
but if you check on the edges
the thicknes appears uneven
To solve the problem,
enable Even Thickness
This will solve the problem
The Offset value determines the reference point
for thickness expansion
Let's keep it at -1.0 for now
Next, to create softer edges,
go to Edit Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and apply suitable values
Now, we have the overall space
Let's adjust the positioning further
In Blender, when selecting by dragging,
only the visible parts in the view are selected
The unselected parts
are hidden
behind the foremost vertex
To select hidden elements
while maintaining visibility of the entire surface,
use the X-ray view
The shortcut for toggling X-ray view is Alt+Z
Next, we will create the window frame using a Plane
Press Shift+A to
add a Plane and move it to an appropriate position
The shortcut for the Move tool is G
For quick view switching, press the ~ key
to change perspectives
If objects overlap
and it is difficult to determine their exact positions,
use Alt+Z
to enable X-ray view,
making faces transparent
and thus easier to see
After positioning the Plane,
we will adjust its scale to match the window frame
The shortcut for scaling is S
To enter Edit Mode, press Tab
Now, we will use the Insert Face function
The shortcut for this function is I
After adding a face of appropriate size,
delete the inner face
The shortcut for deleting is X
Once the general shape of the frame is set,
move it into position
The shortcut for the Move tool is G
To move along a specific axis,
press G followed by
X, Y, or Z, for the axes
To add thickness to the window frame,
use Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
Make the thickness
slightly greater than the walls of the space
Next, apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
to smooth out the edges
The appropriate Bevel value depends on the object's scale,
so adjust it visually for a consistent look
To refine the frame, right-click
and apply Shade Smooth
Apply the same smooth shading to the original space
This function called Shade Smooth
retains the object's contours
while improving shading
across the entire surface,
making it appear smoother
Now, for the inner bars of the window frame,
press Shift+A to add a Plane
and place it in the designated position
Switch to Edit Mode
and adjust the size of the frame
The shortcut for entering Edit Mode is Tab,
and for scaling, use S
Once the frame is positioned within the window,
use Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
to add thickness
Edit Mode was used for resizing
I will explain the reson later
Next, apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
to smooth out the edges
As with the window and the space,
right-click and apply Shade Smooth
Duplicate it and rotate it 90 degrees along the Y-axis
This completes the window frame as seen
To duplicate, use Shift + D
To rotate the duplicated object,
press R, Y, and type 90
By pressing the shortcut R,
you enable the Rotate,
and press Y to apply Rotate to the Y axis
Next, the number 90
applies the 90 degrees rotation along the Y-axis
Let me show you a video for comparison
To illustrate the difference,
we will compare scaling in Object Mode versus Edit Mode
and applying the Bevel function
versus adjusting Vertex, Edge, and Face Scale in Edit Mode
and applying the Bevel function
This will be a clear demonstration
In Object Mode, adjusting the scale
modifies the object's overall scale values,
whereas in Edit Mode, the scale values remain unchanged,
and only the positions of Vertex, Edge, and Face are altered
This distinction significantly impacts the application like so
If you scale an object in Object Mode,
considering this difference
will help you with your work
Next, we will create the floor tiles
These can be made using either a Cube
or a Plane
But to further practice using the Solidify Modifier,
we will use a Plane
Press Shift+A to add a Plane
Adjust the scale and position it
You can scale using S and position using G
Apply Add Modifier > Generate
and Solidify to add thickness to the floor
Next, we will add Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
to smooth out the edges
Just like the other objects,
we will apply Shade Smooth to improve the surface shading
Now, to arrange the tiles horizontally,
we will duplicate one
and adjust its position
The shortcut for duplicating is Shift+D
The shortcut for Repeat Last Action is Shift+R
After duplicating the tiles, we will select all of them
and adjust their position and size
To copy them vertically, we will use the same method
that we used for horizontal duplication
Next, select every other tile in a checkerboard pattern
and merge them into a single object
The function to join multiple objects into one is Join
The shortcut for Join is Ctrl+J
When merging multiple objects,
the last selected object becomes the reference,
so be mindful of which object is selected last
To verify that the Join function worked correctly,
we will move the tiles slightly to check
Creating Props in Blender
For a bookshelf, start by adding a Plane,
then adjust its angle, position, and size
in both Object Mode and Edit Mode
After setting the angle, position, and size,
add edges to divide the face and adjust their placement
Next, to split the center edge into two edges
and use the Bevel function
to adjust their size
The reason for adding these edges is
to create a two-shelf bookshelf
The shortcut for Loop Cut for adding edges is Ctrl+R
The shortcut for Bevel is Ctrl+B
To create the inner space of the bookshelf,
we will use the Insert Face function
After adjusting the newly created inner face,
we will delete the unnecessary face
The shortcut for Insert Face is I, and for Delete, X
Next, to add thickness to the bookshelf,
we will apply Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
To smooth out the edges of the bookshelf,
we will also apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
Finally, like other objects,
we will apply Shade Smooth
to give it a more polished look
To create a book, we will add a Plane,
adjust its angle and position in Object Mode,
and then fine-tune its size in Edit Mode to match the bookshelf
The shortcut for Add Object is Shift+A
The shortcut for Rotate is R, for Move, G,
for Scale, S, and for Edit, Tab
Next, we will add an edge using Loop Cut
and then press ESC to exit the Loop Cut setting
Then, in the Adjust Last Operation panel,
we will change the number of edges to two
The shortcut for Loop Cut is Ctrl+R
If the Adjust Last Operation panel does not appear,
click the small arrow at the bottom left of the screen
to open it like so
After adjusting the position,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
Now that we have created the book cover,
we need to delete some faces to create the inner pages
However, when using Solidify on a Plane,
the new faces may appear visible in the viewport,
but they are not actually applied to the object yet
To apply the Solidify Modifier permanently,
we need to go to the Properties panel
and click Apply on Solidify
Once it is applied, in Properties,
the modifier panel disappears,
and the changes become
part of the actual geometry
Now, we will add
another edge using Loop Cut
and adjust its position
We'd like to delete the inner face,
but the bookshelf is blocking our view
So we will isolate
the book in the viewport
Press /
for isolating the selected object
After isolating the book, we will delete the inner face
Deleting faces leaves empty gaps
Later, this could cause
issues during rendering
Select the two open edges,
right-click, and apply Bridge Edge Loops
Bridge Edge Loops
creates a new face between two selected edges
For the inner pages of the book, we will add another Plane,
adjust its angle and position in Object Mode,
and fine-tune its size in Edit Mode
The book cover is blocking the view, so enable X-ray view to work more easily
After adjusting the size, apply Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
and fine-tune the thickness
To finalize the book,
we will apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
to both the cover and pages to smooth out the edges
Apply Shade Smooth for that effect
Next, duplicate the books to fit the size of the bookshelf
and position them accordingly
If books are arranged too uniformly,
the space may look dull,
so we will slightly scatter them for a more natural look
The shortcut for Move is G, for Rotate, R,
and for Duplicate, it is Shift + D
Use these shortcuts to freely arrange the books
At this point,
be careful not to move or duplicate only the book covers
The pages might remain in their original positions
To move or duplicate only the book covers,
always select both the book cover and the inner pages
To create a desk, press Shift+A
to add a Cube
We will use this cube
to create the top surface of the desk
The shortcut for Edit Mode is Tab
Move the cube to the desired position
using G to move
Enable X-ray view for better visibility
For X-ray, use Alt + Z
Next, switch to Edit Mode,
select Vertices, and adjust the size
To smooth out the desk edges,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
Now, duplicate the desk surface to create legs for the desk
First, adjust the size and position the legs
Move them while resizing as needed
To extend the legs to the floor, select Vertices
and move them downward
Once one desk leg is complete,
duplicate it and place copies at each corner
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift + D
To make the desk frame sturdier,
we will add support bars between the legs
First, isolate the desk for better visibility
The shortcut to isolate a selected object is /
Now, adjust the size and position of the supports
The shortcut for Move is G, and for Scale, S
After creating one support bar,
duplicate it and move it downward,
then adjust its width by selecting Vertices
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D, and for Move, G
Next, duplicate the narrow support bars
and place them on both sides of the desk,
so we need to make two
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D,
for Rotate, R, and for Move, G
Once the desk is fully built, select all desk components
and, similarly with other objects,
apply Shade Smooth for a polished look
To create a chair, add a Cube
by pressing Shift+A
Resize the cube
and move it into position
Next, switch to Edit Mode, select Vertices,
and adjust the shape to form the seat
To smooth out the edges,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel,
then apply Shade Smooth
Now, duplicate the seat
to create chair legs
Switch to Edit Mode, adjust the size,
and move them into position
Adjust the length in Edit Mode
Extend them downward until they touch the floor
Duplicate them again
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D
Now, duplicate the legs again to create the backrest
First, copy and position the side supports
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D
The shortcut for Move is G
Once the side supports are in place,
duplicate another bar across the backrest
Place the duplicated object
and adjust the size in Edit Mode
Finally, duplicate another thinner bar
across the backrest
using Shift + D
and to move, G
To enter Edit Mode, press Tab
After checking the overall shape, slightly rotate the chair
Rotate it a little
to make it look more natural
If any parts look misaligned or unnatural,
use the modification tools to refine the shape
To create a drawer, press Shift+A to add a Plane,
then rotate it 90 degrees along the X-axis
After positioning it,
switch to Edit Mode and adjust the size
To add thickness to the drawer,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
Add a reasonable value to adjust the thickness
The shortcut for Rotate is R,
for Move, G,
and for Edit Mode, it is Tab
Next, add edges using Loop Cut
and in the Adjust Last Operation panel,
increase the number of edges to two
Choose two edges
and position them with Scale
For Scale, press S
To create storage compartments,
use the Insert Face function
After setting the size,
delete the top and bottom faces
The shortcut for Insert Face is I
The shortcut for Delete is X
For the storage, add a Plane,
rotate it 90 degrees along the X-axis,
and position it to complete the drawer
To adjust the precise position and size,
we will enable X-ray view
The shortcut for Rotate is R
For Move, G,
for Scale, S,
and for the X-ray view, Alt + Z
After making overall size and position adjustments,
pull the storage unit slightly forward
and refine its placement
To adjust the thickness of the storage unit,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Solidify
and compare its thickness to the drawer
To fine-tune the value,
hold Shift while dragging
Once the placement is finalized,
we will create a handle for the drawer
by creating a cube
Then, adjust its position and size
To refine the shape,
switch to Edit Mode and scale it accordingly
Once the correct size is set,
adjust its position again
Next, use Loop Cut to add edges and,
in the Adjust Last Operation panel,
set it to two edges
Move the added edges into place using Scale
and position it
Now, select the end faces
and use Extrude to extend them,
making it appear attached to the drawer surface
So it is connecting
The shortcut for Loop Cut is Ctrl+R
For Extrude, E
After checking the overall shape,
we will smooth the edges of the drawer
Apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth will do the job
Finally, duplicate the completed storage unit
and position it below
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D
To create a desk lamp,
press Shift+A to add a Cube,
then adjust its size and position
To refine the shape,
switch to X-ray view
and enter Edit Mode
While adjusting the object,
you may notice the view shifting slightly
from its original perspective
If this happens, select the object
Use the View Selected function to recenter the camera
This will improve navigation
and ensure precise adjustments
Now, select the top and bottom faces of the lamp,
use Insert Face to create inner faces,
and then delete them
For Insert Face, use I, and for Delete, X
To fill the deleted faces,
select the edges
and right-click
and apply Bridge Edge Loops
For the remaining three faces,
use Repeat Last to quickly complete the structure
The shortcut for Repeat Last is Shift+R
To make a lamp stand,
press Shift+A to add a Cube
Adjust its size and position
in comparison to the lamp
Once the placement is set,
to refine the shape,
switch to X-ray view
and enter Edit Mode
The shortcut for Move is G, for Scale, S,
for Edit Mode, Tab,
and for X-ray view, press Alt + Z
Now, duplicate the stand,
adjust its rotation,
and position it as the lamp arm
After positioning the duplicated object,
enter Edit Mode and adjust the shape
Once all lamp parts are complete,
for smoother edges,
use Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and apply Shade Smooth
The shortcut for Duplicate is Shift+D, for Move, G,
and for Edit Mode, press Tab
After finishing the lamp, check the overall structure
and make final adjustments as needed
I'm sure you are now more fmailiar with the shortcuts
I will not repeat the usual shortcuts from here on
I will only check on the shortcuts
that was not mentioned yet
Let's make an image frame to go on top
First, create a cube
We will start with the frame structure
Adjust its size and position, then refine its shape
using X-ray view and Edit Mode
Use Insert Face to create an inner face
on the frame and delete it
To connect the deleted inner face,
apply Bridge Edge Loops
For the remaining faces,
use Repeat Last to fill them
Switch to Edit Mode
for further refinements
After completing the frame structure,
add another Cube for the picture inside
Adjust its size and position, then refine its shape
using X-ray view and Edit Mode
Finally, select all parts of the frame
For smoother edges,
Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth is used
Duplicate the inner cube used for the picture
to create a frame stand
Enter Edit Mode
and narrow the back portion
Now, adjust the rotation
of the frame and stand
to make it look slightly reclined
Place the created objects
on the desk and drawer
This process involves repeated use of duplicate, move,
and rotate functions,
so it will be shown quickly
Let me focus more on the application part
of this process
he shortcut for Move is G, followed by X, Y, or Z
to constrain movement to a specific axis
The same Rotate and Scale functions
from previous steps apply here
To switch views, press ~
To focus on a single object,
use View Selected
To make objects transparent
for better selection,
enable X-ray View
or press Alt + Z
Once the arrangement is complete,
feel free to apply
the learned functions
to customize placement
Now, create a Cube for the sofa base
We will start with the bottom part of the sofa
Adjust the size and position,
then refine the shape using X-ray View and Edit Mode
After shaping the base, select it
For smoother edges, apply
Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth
Duplicate the sofa base
in order to create legs
Adjust the size and position
Switch to X-ray View to refine the shape
and enter Edit Mode
Once one leg is complete,
duplicate it and place it
at the remaining three corners
Duplicate the sofa base to create the upper section
Adjust the size and position,
then refine the shape in Edit Mode
Duplicate this section again,
and shape it using Edit Mode
Duplicate one armrest
and position it
For the backrest, duplicate the upper section,
and adjust the shape using Edit Mode
After checking the overall shape,
refine the height of the duplicated objects
in Edit Mode
Check for the final look,
and adjust the final size to fit the space
Create a cube for adding a table
Adjust its size and position,
then refine the shape using X-ray View
and Edit Mode
To create table legs,
add a Cylinder
In the Adjust Last Operation panel,
set the Vertex count to 16
Adjust the size and position of the Cylinder,
then refine the shape in Edit Mode
Duplicate the leg
and position it at the remaining three corners
To create support beams between the legs,
duplicate one leg
Rotate it 90 degrees along the Y-axis
Adjust the size and position
Enter Edit Mode to refine the shape
After positioning one support, duplicate it
and place it below
Finally, duplicate both supports
and position them on the opposite side
To refine the table's appearance,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth
Use only Shade Smooth for the legs
For creating a cup, create a Cylinder
Adjust its size and position
Enter Edit Mode and create the inside
by select the top face
Use Insert Face to create an inner face
Apply Extrude
to push the face inward
Press E for Extrude
Use Loop Cut to add edges
Adjust the Loop Cut settings
to create two edges
Scale the edges
and use Bevel
to split them further
Select four faces on the side of the cup
Use Extrude to extend them outward
Since we got the face from an angled position,
the extrusion is not level
To improve, flatten the face
along the X-axis
by pressing S, X, and number 0, in that order
This will flatten the face
This function is a shortcut
that sets the Scale value to 0 based on the X-axis,
allowing you to easily align parts
that are not perfectly horizontal or vertical
It is a very useful function
Now, using the Loop Cut function,
add identical edges at the top and bottom,
and then we will apply the same function
we just learned to ensure proper alignment
Next, select the four connected faces
and right-click
to apply the Bridge Face function
This completes the cup handle structure
Now, we will review the overall shape of the cup
Enter Edit Mode, select the relevant vertices, and refine the shape as needed
When Shade Smooth is applied immediately,
some areas may appear slightly unnatural
To fix this,
add the Bevel Modifier under Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel,
which willeliminate any awkward visual artifacts
Next, we will copy one of the books
that we previously created
and adjust its position and angle to place it on the desk
To create a stand for the TV,
we will copy the tabletop we made earlier
and modify its size and position in Edit Mode to fit the intended layout
Now, we will create the TV by adding a Cube,
adjusting its size and position,
and then for further refinements,
switch to Edit Mode
Using the Loop Cut function, add an edge
to define the front of the TV
To create the appearance of a slightly tapered back,
insert another Loop Cut in the center,
so add another edge
Then, use the Insert Face function on the front surface
to create an inset and delete the face
Select the surrounding edges
and use the Extrude function to pull them inward
Now, to fill the gaps,
use the Fill function
The shortcut for the Fill function is F
Next, we will create the TV stand by adding a Cube
and adjusting its size and position accordingly
Since the stand may obstruct visibility,
we will temporarily change the view
to display only the TV and its stand
To determine the appropriate leg length for the stand,
we will toggle the view to show both the TV and the stand,
then enter Edit Mode to refine the height of the legs
After this, we will also adjust the overall height of the TV itself
Once one leg is complete, we will copy it
and place it in the correct positions for all four legs
Now, to create the TV screen,
we will copy one of the TV stand legs, reposition it,
and resize it in Edit Mode
to match the dimensions of the TV
With the TV fully assembled,
we will smooth out its appearance by selecting each object
and applying Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth
Next, we want a picture frame to be hung on the wall
First, we will add a Cube,
roughly adjust its position and size,
and then enter Edit Mode to refine its shape
Once the frame is positioned where we want it,
use the Insert Face and Extrude functions,
similar to the process used for the TV
To ensure smooth edges, we will apply
Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth
To create the artwork or paper inside the frame,
we will add another Cube,
and adjust its position and size
X-ray View makes faces semi-transparent,
keeping the entire object visible
But we only want the edges visible,
so we will use Wireframe View
To switch to Wireframe View,
use the ~ key
Enter Edit Mode
and adjust the detailed shape
To make the edges of the picture appear smoother,
we will apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth to the object
Now, we will create a wall-mounted light fixture
by adding a Cube,
and roughly adjusting its position and size
To display only this single object first,
we will temporarily isolate the view
Next, switch to Edit Mode
To push the selected face inward,
use the Insert Face
and Extrude functions
To make the light fixture appear properly mounted on the wall,
we will select the top face,
apply Insert Face to generate a new face,
and then use Extrude to pull it outward
Using Loop Cut, we will add edges
Next, adjust these edges' positions
and Extrude the face connecting to the wall
so that it looks firmly attached
To ensure the light fixture has a clean and polished look,
apply Add Modifier > Generate > Bevel
and Shade Smooth
Next, arrange multiple copies in desired positions to complete the scene
This concludes the 3D Blender modeling session
While this tutorial focused on a small interior space,
as you gain experience, try working with larger environments
Practicing in different spaces
will help you become proficient
in creating complex 3D models efficiently
Now, let’s summarize what we covered in this session
Thank you
Creating a Space in Blender Building the Space Select all objects (light, cube, camera) and delete them
Create a cube and adjust its scale in the Properties panel to enlarge the space Enter Face Select mode, then delete three faces
Creating a Window Add edges, then press ESC to exit Loop Cut In Adjust Last Operation, set edge count to 2
Add vertical edges and adjust their positions In Face Select mode, delete the face for the window opening
Setting Wall Thickness In Properties - Modifiers, apply: Add Modifier - Generate - Solidify to adjust offset and thickness
Add Modifier - Generate - Bevel to smooth the edges
Creating a Window Frame Create a Plane, adjust position and scale Use Insert Face to create an inner face, then delete the inner face
Apply Solidify, Bevel, and Shade Smooth to adjust thickness, edges, and surface smoothness Right-click and apply Shade Smooth
Adding Window Bars Create another Plane, then adjust position, scale, thickness, and edges Duplicate the window frame and rotate 90° along the Y-axis
Creating Floor Tiles Create a Plane, adjust position, scale, thickness, and edges Duplicate the tile and select in a checkerboard pattern to merge
Creating Objects in Blender Bookshelf Create a Plane, then adjust angle, position, and scale in Object and Edit Modes
Add edges, separate faces, and reposition them Use Insert Face to create a storage area inside Add Modifier - Generate - Solidify for thickness
Apply Add Modifier - Generate - Bevel to round the edges Right-click, then apply Shade Smooth
Creating Books Create a Plane, adjust angle, position, and scale in Object and Edit Modes Use Loop Cut to add an edge, then press ESC to exit
In Adjust Last Operation, set edge count to 2 Apply Add Modifier - Generate - Solidify for thickness
Delete inner faces Select two connecting edges, then right-click and apply Bridge Edge Loops
Create a Plane, adjust position and scale Switch to X-ray View, then adjust thickness, edge smoothness, and surface smoothness