WEBVTT 1 00:00:04.475 --> 00:00:08.925 Realistic basics Video format and rendering 2 00:00:27.425 --> 00:00:30.725 Hello this is Jiwon Choi 3 00:00:30.725 --> 00:00:34.625 In this lecture, we will learn about video format 4 00:00:34.625 --> 00:00:37.325 and rendering 5 00:00:37.325 --> 00:00:40.925 Today's learning content is first, in After Effects 6 00:00:40.925 --> 00:00:43.825 video format and composition which you can find in 7 00:00:43.825 --> 00:00:46.675 the rendering settings screen 8 00:00:46.675 --> 00:00:49.375 We will learn what that means 9 00:00:49.875 --> 00:00:54.375 Second, we will practice two different ways of rendering 10 00:00:54.375 --> 00:00:58.425 and learn how to extract files 11 00:00:58.425 --> 00:01:02.475 Video Formats and Composition 12 00:01:02.475 --> 00:01:06.875 Before we start practicing rendering, 13 00:01:06.875 --> 00:01:10.725 we will learn about video formats 14 00:01:11.975 --> 00:01:16.075 You should have basic knowledge about video formats 15 00:01:16.075 --> 00:01:19.975 to extract with some understanding of 16 00:01:19.975 --> 00:01:23.875 the terms that appear when rendering 17 00:01:23.875 --> 00:01:31.275 If you look at the table, you can see that the video formats are structured 18 00:01:31.275 --> 00:01:38.875 First, you can think of a video as being divided into video and audio 19 00:01:38.875 --> 00:01:42.025 Here in video, video resolution 20 00:01:43.175 --> 00:01:44.625 I think you'd have heard it a lot 21 00:01:44.625 --> 00:01:48.375 Aspect ratio, refresh rate, and scanning method 22 00:01:48.375 --> 00:01:52.225 and there is video codec 23 00:01:52.225 --> 00:01:55.325 And for audio, there is sample rate and audio codec 24 00:01:55.325 --> 00:01:57.525 The number of quantization bits, like this 25 00:01:57.525 --> 00:02:01.725 Focusing on the parts I marked in yellow 26 00:02:01.725 --> 00:02:05.375 we will proceed the lecture 27 00:02:06.525 --> 00:02:10.525 First, in the aspect ratio, pixel ratio, storage aspect ratio 28 00:02:10.525 --> 00:02:13.775 and playback screen ratio It is divided like this 29 00:02:13.775 --> 00:02:18.325 Video codecs have color spaces, color depths, 30 00:02:18.325 --> 00:02:21.075 and frame structure, like this 31 00:02:21.775 --> 00:02:24.625 A term you've probably heard a lot is 32 00:02:24.625 --> 00:02:29.775 Resolution, screen ratio, and video codec, about that much 33 00:02:30.625 --> 00:02:33.125 When communicating while working 34 00:02:33.125 --> 00:02:36.775 You should know these three concepts 35 00:02:36.775 --> 00:02:38.825 for communication to become possible 36 00:02:39.425 --> 00:02:43.525 So let's take a closer look at this 37 00:02:45.625 --> 00:02:48.325 If you look at the next page, you can see the resolution 38 00:02:48.325 --> 00:02:53.025 Resolution tells how many points on the width and height it consists of 39 00:02:53.025 --> 00:02:56.575 of the image 40 00:02:57.275 --> 00:03:02.025 The screen ratio varies depending on the display specifications 41 00:03:02.975 --> 00:03:10.075 Next, the aspect ratio refers to the ratio of the width to the height 42 00:03:11.225 --> 00:03:13.825 The standard for video is HD 43 00:03:13.825 --> 00:03:17.525 You heard a lot about HD displays right? 44 00:03:17.525 --> 00:03:20.775 It's an abbreviation for High Definition 45 00:03:20.775 --> 00:03:24.575 As the standard for video changes to HD, 46 00:03:24.575 --> 00:03:32.525 It is organized in a wide screen ratio represented by 16:9 47 00:03:33.525 --> 00:03:36.525 HD and 16:9 ratio 48 00:03:36.525 --> 00:03:41.525 Because most computers use square pixels 49 00:03:41.525 --> 00:03:48.475 Horizontal resolution: Vertical resolution = Aspect ratio is established 50 00:03:48.475 --> 00:03:54.775 In the case of videos, rectangular pixels 51 00:03:54.775 --> 00:03:57.525 in which the width and height are different are also used 52 00:03:57.525 --> 00:04:00.525 so it may not be the same 53 00:04:00.525 --> 00:04:06.425 Please be aware that it may not be the same 54 00:04:09.275 --> 00:04:13.275 Next are frame rate and scanning method 55 00:04:13.875 --> 00:04:17.875 Frame rate is the refresh rate 56 00:04:17.875 --> 00:04:22.475 Or it is also called scan rate 57 00:04:23.925 --> 00:04:31.725 Frame rate refers to the number of still images displayed per second 58 00:04:31.725 --> 00:04:38.325 The images are linked to have movement 59 00:04:38.625 --> 00:04:43.675 A single still image is called a frame 60 00:04:43.675 --> 00:04:47.675 fps This will also come out when rendering 61 00:04:47.675 --> 00:04:52.075 We use a unit called Frame Per Second 62 00:04:52.075 --> 00:04:58.425 So frames per second would be fps 63 00:04:58.425 --> 00:05:03.475 So literally the number of still images shown per second 64 00:05:03.475 --> 00:05:10.025 The frame rate is what tells you what that is like 65 00:05:10.025 --> 00:05:15.175 I hope you get familiar with this concept as well 66 00:05:16.525 --> 00:05:20.425 Like broadcasts in Korea, the US, and Japan 67 00:05:20.425 --> 00:05:24.474 Regions that use NTSC as their standard 68 00:05:24.474 --> 00:05:28.974 Use 29.97 fps 69 00:05:29.474 --> 00:05:32.374 What does NTSC stand for here? 70 00:05:32.374 --> 00:05:35.724 National Television System Committee 71 00:05:35.724 --> 00:05:38.524 It is an analog color television color encoding method 72 00:05:38.524 --> 00:05:43.674 It is an analog color television color encoding method Established by the Federal Communications Commission of the United States 73 00:05:43.674 --> 00:05:52.274 So, the standard value centered on the US Federal Communications Commission 74 00:05:52.274 --> 00:05:56.224 is adopted in Korea as well 75 00:05:57.524 --> 00:06:02.274 You must have seen it a lot 76 00:06:02.274 --> 00:06:10.524 29.97fps When you turn rendering on 77 00:06:10.524 --> 00:06:15.324 The default value on the settings screen is most of the time 29.97 78 00:06:15.324 --> 00:06:19.574 Usually, I proceed with almost all of the work like this 79 00:06:19.574 --> 00:06:23.174 About why this number came out 80 00:06:23.174 --> 00:06:27.574 I've just given you some background information 81 00:06:27.574 --> 00:06:30.474 And instead of frame rate 82 00:06:30.474 --> 00:06:34.524 Hertz, which means repetitions per second 83 00:06:34.524 --> 00:06:38.874 Sometimes it is expressed using hertz as a unit 84 00:06:39.274 --> 00:06:43.574 The meaning of images per second is the same 85 00:06:43.574 --> 00:06:48.124 So the relationship between frame rate and hertz 86 00:06:48.124 --> 00:06:50.624 You should keep this in mind 87 00:06:50.974 --> 00:06:54.174 Next is video codec 88 00:06:54.174 --> 00:07:00.524 This is a very general and important concept: video codec 89 00:07:01.574 --> 00:07:03.674 What does this mean? 90 00:07:03.674 --> 00:07:14.624 Rules for storing and playing videos 91 00:07:15.624 --> 00:07:17.874 Depending on the type of video codec 92 00:07:17.874 --> 00:07:22.124 Available color spaces and color depths 93 00:07:22.124 --> 00:07:26.124 and the compression technology becomes limited 94 00:07:26.124 --> 00:07:27.774 Then what will happen? 95 00:07:27.774 --> 00:07:32.824 It has a significant impact on video quality 96 00:07:34.924 --> 00:07:41.774 Because the standards are very diverse and there are many promises 97 00:07:41.774 --> 00:07:46.274 According to those various rules 98 00:07:48.024 --> 00:07:53.524 You can make a choice on which color space, color depth, 99 00:07:53.524 --> 00:07:55.674 and compression technique to use 100 00:07:56.174 --> 00:07:58.774 So what kind of video quality will I choose 101 00:07:58.774 --> 00:08:04.174 Depending on what spec codec you are going to use, 102 00:08:04.174 --> 00:08:06.524 You can make the decision 103 00:08:06.524 --> 00:08:13.924 It is the default value when working, most of the time 104 00:08:15.174 --> 00:08:18.074 There is a value that is set 105 00:08:18.074 --> 00:08:25.724 But it would be better to know some background information 106 00:08:32.974 --> 00:08:38.374 When you export, the export module settings page will appear like this 107 00:08:38.374 --> 00:08:42.174 Here is the basic options section, format, post-rendering action 108 00:08:42.174 --> 00:08:47.074 Channels, depth, and color in video output values 109 00:08:47.074 --> 00:08:51.624 There is a box to select these 110 00:08:52.424 --> 00:08:58.774 So, let's go over some of this stuff 111 00:08:59.674 --> 00:09:05.274 First, let's get a grasp of the concept of color properties 112 00:09:05.274 --> 00:09:07.624 It would be good to know about RGB 113 00:09:08.624 --> 00:09:13.074 Rather than thinking that RGB is just a color value, 114 00:09:13.074 --> 00:09:16.974 Why does it come out like that 115 00:09:16.974 --> 00:09:19.624 And in After Effects 116 00:09:19.624 --> 00:09:25.224 how this color value is expressed 117 00:09:25.224 --> 00:09:29.124 It will be much more helpful at a basic level 118 00:09:29.124 --> 00:09:31.324 So let's find out 119 00:09:32.324 --> 00:09:38.924 First of all, color has three properties 120 00:09:38.924 --> 00:09:46.974 Hue, Saturation, Lightness 121 00:09:46.974 --> 00:09:49.174 These three are indicated 122 00:09:49.174 --> 00:09:53.424 These are the three things that we will mainly deal with 123 00:09:53.424 --> 00:10:00.374 Hue is a color in its purest sense, excluding brightness and clarity 124 00:10:00.374 --> 00:10:04.074 It's talking about the real color 125 00:10:04.074 --> 00:10:08.874 And saturation is the vividness of a color 126 00:10:08.874 --> 00:10:11.274 It is also called color intensity 127 00:10:13.174 --> 00:10:17.474 I guess it would be correct to say that it is the degree of vividness of the color 128 00:10:17.474 --> 00:10:22.874 Then, the lightness refers to the relative brightness difference of pure white 129 00:10:22.874 --> 00:10:28.374 under the same lighting conditions 130 00:10:29.374 --> 00:10:33.624 It doesn't just mean brightness 131 00:10:33.624 --> 00:10:37.924 Because brightness varies 132 00:10:37.924 --> 00:10:40.774 depending on different conditions 133 00:10:41.224 --> 00:10:43.374 Setting a standard 134 00:10:43.374 --> 00:10:47.124 It means the relative brightness difference 135 00:10:47.124 --> 00:10:50.374 with this standard of pure white 136 00:10:51.224 --> 00:10:56.074 I think you could understand the concept like this 137 00:10:56.074 --> 00:10:59.924 Actually, when we do color correction and other work like that, 138 00:10:59.924 --> 00:11:03.674 Hue, Saturation, Lightness, these three 139 00:11:04.724 --> 00:11:07.874 We will cover this a lot 140 00:11:12.574 --> 00:11:15.974 Next is the color space 141 00:11:15.974 --> 00:11:20.124 There are color spaces and color systems like this 142 00:11:20.124 --> 00:11:23.974 Color Space, Color System, like this 143 00:11:23.974 --> 00:11:26.824 Based on the characteristics of the three elements of color 144 00:11:26.824 --> 00:11:29.724 It represents color in spatial coordinates 145 00:11:30.624 --> 00:11:35.974 Arrange hues in a circular manner around one central axis 146 00:11:35.974 --> 00:11:39.324 Place changes in lightness in the vertical direction 147 00:11:39.324 --> 00:11:41.224 Using the horizontal distance from the central axis 148 00:11:41.224 --> 00:11:43.724 Express saturation changes 149 00:11:44.574 --> 00:11:49.924 If you look at it, you can see the hue, lightness, and saturation 150 00:11:49.924 --> 00:11:54.224 These three are represented in spatial coordinates 151 00:11:54.224 --> 00:11:56.974 That is Color space in After Effects 152 00:11:59.224 --> 00:12:04.224 So, among the many color space concepts, 153 00:12:04.224 --> 00:12:07.474 RGB is a representative example 154 00:12:07.474 --> 00:12:12.124 RGB, which we are most familiar with 155 00:12:12.124 --> 00:12:18.124 This is the most basic color space 156 00:12:18.124 --> 00:12:27.924 It is a method of expressing color by using the characteristics of light 157 00:12:27.924 --> 00:12:30.174 What colors are they? 158 00:12:30.174 --> 00:12:39.874 Red, green, blue, so RGB 159 00:12:39.874 --> 00:12:46.274 When each of these three primary colors reaches its maximum value, white is created 160 00:12:47.074 --> 00:12:54.124 The term RGB is created by combining the first letters of the three primary colors 161 00:12:54.124 --> 00:13:01.074 sRGB (standard RGB), Adobe RGB 162 00:13:01.074 --> 00:13:04.124 are the most popular and widely used 163 00:13:04.674 --> 00:13:10.474 So the concept of RGB is the most basic color space 164 00:13:10.474 --> 00:13:12.774 which used the properties of light 165 00:13:13.724 --> 00:13:19.524 It is an acronym for Red, Green, and Blue 166 00:13:19.524 --> 00:13:22.024 Let's keep that in mind and move on 167 00:13:24.224 --> 00:13:31.274 Then there is also Ycc, a color space that is widely used in videos 168 00:13:31.274 --> 00:13:35.824 A color space in which signal processing is performed 169 00:13:35.824 --> 00:13:40.274 with the brightness value (Luma) to which the human eye is sensitive 170 00:13:40.274 --> 00:13:42.874 and color values ​​that react relatively less sensitively separated 171 00:13:42.874 --> 00:13:47.524 So, we use different data densities for luma values ​​and chrominace values 172 00:13:47.524 --> 00:13:51.524 to effectively compress the video signal size 173 00:13:51.524 --> 00:13:54.124 It's that kind of color space 174 00:13:54.124 --> 00:13:57.074 I think you could keep this in mind for reference 175 00:13:58.824 --> 00:14:02.624 You've heard a lot about CMYK, right? 176 00:14:02.624 --> 00:14:05.024 Color space in print media 177 00:14:05.024 --> 00:14:10.074 CMYK is cyan, magenta, yellow, and black 178 00:14:10.074 --> 00:14:11.774 It consists of four colors like this 179 00:14:11.774 --> 00:14:24.174 It was created by taking the first letters C, M, Y, and K from Black 180 00:14:24.174 --> 00:14:26.724 CMYK is an abbreviation 181 00:14:26.724 --> 00:14:28.274 Using ink or toner 182 00:14:28.274 --> 00:14:32.524 It is mainly used as a color space for printing media 183 00:14:32.524 --> 00:14:34.024 It's different from RGB 184 00:14:34.024 --> 00:14:37.624 Unlike RGB, the more colors you mix, the darker it gets 185 00:14:37.624 --> 00:14:40.724 It is a subtractive mixing method 186 00:14:41.574 --> 00:14:47.624 So InDesign, Illustrator, Photoshop 187 00:14:47.624 --> 00:14:51.674 When printing such works 188 00:14:51.674 --> 00:14:55.074 It is converted to CMYK 189 00:14:56.974 --> 00:15:00.924 Then there are other things 190 00:15:00.924 --> 00:15:10.224 There are HIS, HSV, HSB, HSL, etc. 191 00:15:10.224 --> 00:15:15.924 They are color spaces created by taking into account human time perception characteristics 192 00:15:15.924 --> 00:15:18.374 They are mainly used for image processing 193 00:15:19.024 --> 00:15:24.774 Here, H stands for Hue and S stands for Saturation 194 00:15:24.774 --> 00:15:29.874 I is Intensity, V is Value 195 00:15:29.874 --> 00:15:36.624 B stands for Brightness, L stands for Lightness 196 00:15:36.624 --> 00:15:39.424 It is a color space that places pure colors with the maximum concentration 197 00:15:39.424 --> 00:15:43.224 on a plane like maximum brightness, pure white 198 00:15:43.974 --> 00:15:47.274 HSL is a color space 199 00:15:47.274 --> 00:15:50.074 that places pure colors with maximum color density at 50% brightness 200 00:15:50.074 --> 00:15:53.174 Please keep this in mind for reference 201 00:15:54.974 --> 00:16:02.574 Then, we have learned the basic knowledge about the color part, 202 00:16:02.574 --> 00:16:10.174 This time, we're going to learn the basics of audio 203 00:16:10.924 --> 00:16:12.974 The audio part, when exporting 204 00:16:12.974 --> 00:16:16.873 There are some parts to choose from, so let's take a look 205 00:16:16.873 --> 00:16:20.123 Audio, in digital video, 206 00:16:20.123 --> 00:16:26.673 The most commonly used 16-bit 48KHz audio is 207 00:16:26.673 --> 00:16:34.573 the sound signal that expresses sounds in the range of up to 96 dB 208 00:16:36.323 --> 00:16:41.123 at 48,000 times per second by sampling with precision broken down 209 00:16:41.123 --> 00:16:44.173 into 65,536 steps 210 00:16:44.723 --> 00:16:50.123 Because 16-bit audio can express 0 to 96 dB, 211 00:16:50.123 --> 00:16:54.073 It satisfies most of the range of human perception 212 00:16:54.773 --> 00:16:56.273 So for a long time 213 00:16:56.273 --> 00:17:00.473 It has been used as a digital audio standard 214 00:17:01.173 --> 00:17:07.173 The average person can hear up to about 110 dB 215 00:17:07.173 --> 00:17:11.523 The sound that can be heard comfortably is 0~90dB 216 00:17:11.523 --> 00:17:17.973 So usually by default it's 16-bit audio 217 00:17:19.323 --> 00:17:22.623 It's set to default value 218 00:17:22.623 --> 00:17:27.773 So 16 bit is the most commonly used nowadays 219 00:17:27.773 --> 00:17:31.723 16 bit 220 00:17:32.523 --> 00:17:37.023 So you can work almost identically in 16 bits 221 00:17:38.673 --> 00:17:44.173 Next, the container is a wrapper format 222 00:17:44.173 --> 00:17:48.773 is a meta information format 223 00:17:48.773 --> 00:17:52.923 that allows the worker or computer to make judgments 224 00:17:52.923 --> 00:17:56.873 on what the format of the given data is 225 00:17:56.873 --> 00:18:01.623 and which program will be linked and run 226 00:18:01.623 --> 00:18:07.523 There are file extensions and file formats depending on the type of container 227 00:18:07.523 --> 00:18:09.823 The container format is 228 00:18:09.823 --> 00:18:12.123 a specification sheet of 229 00:18:12.123 --> 00:18:15.773 in what structure is it stored 230 00:18:15.773 --> 00:18:19.223 and so how to use it 231 00:18:19.223 --> 00:18:20.323 It's a big concept 232 00:18:20.323 --> 00:18:25.423 So it's similar to video, audio codec, video format 233 00:18:25.423 --> 00:18:31.423 but they are not the same concept 234 00:18:32.723 --> 00:18:37.473 So what types of audio containers are there? 235 00:18:37.473 --> 00:18:43.923 As you can guess, there is MP3 236 00:18:45.373 --> 00:18:47.773 There is WMA 237 00:18:47.773 --> 00:18:50.823 There are more, but let's start from this page 238 00:18:50.823 --> 00:18:54.073 It is the most representative lossy compression audio codec 239 00:18:54.073 --> 00:18:58.573 The audio container used by MP3, which we often use 240 00:18:58.573 --> 00:19:02.323 The codec and container name are the same 241 00:19:02.323 --> 00:19:03.973 And below is WMA 242 00:19:03.973 --> 00:19:06.873 It's an abbreviation for Windows Media Audio 243 00:19:06.873 --> 00:19:08.473 Developed by Microsoft 244 00:19:08.473 --> 00:19:13.423 An audio container for the WMA audio codec of the same name 245 00:19:14.223 --> 00:19:19.973 It shows higher compression efficiency than MP3, but 246 00:19:21.373 --> 00:19:25.273 Usage is decreasing due to compatibility issues 247 00:19:25.273 --> 00:19:30.273 Also, AIF, AIFF, etc. 248 00:19:30.273 --> 00:19:33.173 There is Audio Interchange File Format 249 00:19:33.173 --> 00:19:38.773 This is a macOS based audio container 250 00:19:38.773 --> 00:19:40.623 It uses uncompressed mode or 251 00:19:40.623 --> 00:19:43.323 Sometimes compression methods are used 252 00:19:44.423 --> 00:19:49.223 It's almost identical to WAV 253 00:19:49.223 --> 00:19:55.173 Next, WAV is a waveform audio format 254 00:19:57.123 --> 00:19:59.773 It is a container for PCM audio 255 00:20:01.623 --> 00:20:03.473 Just keep this as a side note 256 00:20:03.473 --> 00:20:06.023 What types of image containers are there? 257 00:20:06.023 --> 00:20:09.673 Image containers are representative of AI 258 00:20:09.673 --> 00:20:11.973 Used in Adobe Illustrator, 259 00:20:11.973 --> 00:20:14.723 a vector drawing software, 260 00:20:14.723 --> 00:20:18.023 It is a file container for storing vector images 261 00:20:18.023 --> 00:20:20.073 So, for a representative example 262 00:20:20.073 --> 00:20:25.373 of image container, think of AI 263 00:20:26.523 --> 00:20:29.773 Then there's AVIF 264 00:20:29.773 --> 00:20:36.623 AVIF is an AVI-based Image Format 265 00:20:36.623 --> 00:20:40.423 It is published by the Alliance for Open Media 266 00:20:40.423 --> 00:20:43.123 which developed the AVI video codec 267 00:20:43.123 --> 00:20:45.473 As a container for bitmap images 268 00:20:47.673 --> 00:20:51.473 This is a format saving intra frame of AVI 269 00:20:51.473 --> 00:20:54.873 with about 30% higher 270 00:20:54.873 --> 00:20:57.923 compression efficiency than HEVC as an independent image file 271 00:20:59.873 --> 00:21:03.623 Then there's BMP too 272 00:21:03.623 --> 00:21:06.873 BMP was developed by Microsoft 273 00:21:06.873 --> 00:21:10.423 It is a lossless bitmap image file container 274 00:21:10.423 --> 00:21:13.523 It is mainly used on Windows systems 275 00:21:13.523 --> 00:21:16.573 The compression efficiency is not relatively high 276 00:21:16.573 --> 00:21:19.123 The capacity is very large compared to the image size 277 00:21:19.123 --> 00:21:23.223 Conversely, compatibility is highest 278 00:21:24.723 --> 00:21:28.373 There are many types of image containers 279 00:21:28.373 --> 00:21:31.273 You're very familiar with JPG, right? 280 00:21:31.273 --> 00:21:37.973 JPG, JPEG, JPE, JFIF, etc., which we all use 281 00:21:37.973 --> 00:21:41.923 is a bitmap image file container 282 00:21:41.923 --> 00:21:46.923 based on lossy compression currently used in the most fields 283 00:21:47.523 --> 00:21:53.373 Then HEIF, HEIC 284 00:21:53.373 --> 00:21:58.323 Developed with the goal of replacing JPEG, 285 00:21:58.323 --> 00:22:00.723 it is a bitmap image file container 286 00:22:00.723 --> 00:22:02.923 It is the abbreviation for High Efficiency Image File 287 00:22:02.923 --> 00:22:08.023 High Efficiency Image File Format 288 00:22:09.673 --> 00:22:21.073 In addition, there are many others such as PNG, GIF, PSD, TIF, etc. 289 00:22:25.173 --> 00:22:30.223 I just want you to be able to 290 00:22:30.223 --> 00:22:33.823 classify the terms you are familiar with 291 00:22:33.823 --> 00:22:39.373 into which types they are 292 00:22:39.373 --> 00:22:41.823 You don't have to memorize everything 293 00:22:45.423 --> 00:22:50.573 Next are bitmap images and vector images 294 00:22:51.073 --> 00:22:56.873 First, I put this in the middle 295 00:22:56.873 --> 00:23:02.773 I included it because you have to think about it with a clear distinction 296 00:23:02.773 --> 00:23:05.023 Bitmap images and vector images 297 00:23:06.173 --> 00:23:09.123 First of all, what is a bitmap image? 298 00:23:09.123 --> 00:23:12.173 It is a way of forming and storing images 299 00:23:12.173 --> 00:23:15.823 Through an array of pixel data 300 00:23:15.823 --> 00:23:18.273 If you enlarge it beyond its original size, 301 00:23:18.273 --> 00:23:22.573 Aliasing occurs on curves and diagonals 302 00:23:22.573 --> 00:23:25.023 The image looks broken 303 00:23:25.823 --> 00:23:29.923 Just understand the phenomenon If you enlarge it, it will break 304 00:23:29.923 --> 00:23:34.373 Because it was done through an array of pixel data 305 00:23:35.723 --> 00:23:45.673 On the other hand, vector images are in a way of forming and storing images 306 00:23:45.673 --> 00:23:49.273 using mathematical vector coordinates 307 00:23:49.273 --> 00:23:55.673 Because it is relative coordinate data based on mathematical calculations 308 00:23:55.673 --> 00:24:05.323 The image does not break when zoomed in or out 309 00:24:05.323 --> 00:24:11.923 So when working with AI, when working with illustrations, 310 00:24:11.923 --> 00:24:15.673 Be sure to convert it to a vector image at the end 311 00:24:16.423 --> 00:24:18.923 This is to prevent it from breaking 312 00:24:18.923 --> 00:24:22.973 If you vectorize fonts and texts like this, 313 00:24:22.973 --> 00:24:27.073 it won't break no matter how much you enlarge it 314 00:24:29.123 --> 00:24:36.073 Please be aware of the distinction between images 315 00:24:36.073 --> 00:24:40.523 Because it's a concept that you can definitely use later 316 00:24:40.523 --> 00:24:43.873 Please be sure to know this as background knowledge 317 00:24:44.523 --> 00:24:49.323 Next is the type of video container 318 00:24:49.323 --> 00:24:52.873 Finally here at video containers 319 00:24:52.873 --> 00:25:01.573 Many people use AVI (Audio Video Interleave), right? 320 00:25:01.573 --> 00:25:05.523 A container format for videos on Windows 321 00:25:05.523 --> 00:25:10.923 Various combinations of 322 00:25:12.923 --> 00:25:16.523 video codecs and audio codecs can be used 323 00:25:16.523 --> 00:25:23.223 Then, MP4 and MOV are used a lot 324 00:25:23.223 --> 00:25:29.173 There are MPG, RM, and WMV 325 00:25:29.173 --> 00:25:35.923 I think what we usually use are MP4, MOV, AVI 326 00:25:35.923 --> 00:25:38.473 Please note these 327 00:25:38.923 --> 00:25:42.373 Next is video codec and compression 328 00:25:42.373 --> 00:25:48.123 Let's go over the concept of the term codec 329 00:25:48.123 --> 00:25:50.473 I think that would be great 330 00:25:50.923 --> 00:26:02.723 Codec is a compound word made up of the initials of coder and decoder 331 00:26:05.873 --> 00:26:08.223 It is the rules for converting 332 00:26:08.223 --> 00:26:21.323 signal in analog form to digital format to store and play back 333 00:26:22.223 --> 00:26:26.173 It can be said that it's a good codec 334 00:26:26.173 --> 00:26:29.973 If it maintains similar quality to the original with little data lost 335 00:26:29.973 --> 00:26:33.473 Even though the capacity is reduced 336 00:26:34.923 --> 00:26:39.123 If the capacity is too large for you to save it, 337 00:26:39.123 --> 00:26:43.223 It takes up all the space on your computer and slows it down 338 00:26:43.223 --> 00:26:46.773 So if you use a codec 339 00:26:46.773 --> 00:26:51.523 According to its type, specifications, rules 340 00:26:51.523 --> 00:26:56.323 If we can maintain similar quality 341 00:26:56.323 --> 00:27:00.423 to the original, 342 00:27:00.423 --> 00:27:07.322 it can be said to be a good codec 343 00:27:11.622 --> 00:27:16.622 Let's see, now we're finally up here 344 00:27:16.622 --> 00:27:21.522 In the settings section when we render 345 00:27:21.522 --> 00:27:26.522 We looked at video output color and audio 346 00:27:26.522 --> 00:27:30.072 And now let's look at the format 347 00:27:30.822 --> 00:27:35.622 Among the video codecs, H.264 348 00:27:35.622 --> 00:27:39.222 It usually has that as default 349 00:27:40.072 --> 00:27:47.172 Let's learn about this video codec It's important 350 00:27:47.172 --> 00:27:53.572 H.264 is used in almost all services and products 351 00:27:53.572 --> 00:27:57.072 Compared to existing video compression technologies, 352 00:27:57.072 --> 00:28:01.322 it has very high compression efficiency 353 00:28:02.322 --> 00:28:09.322 So most of the time H.264 is used 354 00:28:09.322 --> 00:28:11.972 It is the most used 355 00:28:11.972 --> 00:28:19.372 The minimum resolution supported by H.264 is 128 x 96 356 00:28:19.372 --> 00:28:24.872 The maximum resolution is 8192 x 4320 357 00:28:26.322 --> 00:28:30.272 What happens as the resolution gets higher? 358 00:28:30.272 --> 00:28:32.772 The compression efficiency will decrease 359 00:28:34.422 --> 00:28:40.022 So H.264 is the most widely used now 360 00:28:40.022 --> 00:28:45.872 and the compression function is good 361 00:28:46.322 --> 00:28:48.672 Next, I'd like to introduce another thing 362 00:28:48.672 --> 00:28:52.822 It is the video codec HEVC 363 00:28:52.822 --> 00:28:57.372 It has twice the compression efficiency compared to H.264 364 00:28:57.372 --> 00:29:01.122 But why isn't it used to the fullest? 365 00:29:01.122 --> 00:29:06.322 Encoding complexity is 5 times higher than H.264 366 00:29:06.322 --> 00:29:09.972 Decoding complexity is double 367 00:29:09.972 --> 00:29:13.122 So it requires very high spec hardware 368 00:29:13.122 --> 00:29:18.022 and requires a long working time 369 00:29:18.022 --> 00:29:22.272 Next is video format 370 00:29:22.272 --> 00:29:25.572 When doing or using any work with video 371 00:29:26.672 --> 00:29:30.672 For the purpose of ensuring compatibility 372 00:29:30.672 --> 00:29:35.122 Each organization has set detailed standards 373 00:29:35.922 --> 00:29:41.222 VTR stands for video tape recorder 374 00:29:41.222 --> 00:29:45.522 Tapeless is a storage medium that uses 375 00:29:45.522 --> 00:29:47.572 electronic storage media 376 00:29:48.922 --> 00:29:54.922 There are VCD, DVD, HD-DVD, and AVCHD 377 00:29:54.922 --> 00:30:01.172 As a representative example, regarding the video format specifications, 378 00:30:01.172 --> 00:30:07.572 You can think of VTR and tapeless 379 00:30:07.572 --> 00:30:11.622 Understanding and practicing rendering 380 00:30:11.622 --> 00:30:17.322 So for rendering 381 00:30:17.322 --> 00:30:19.822 We looked at some simple knowledge 382 00:30:19.822 --> 00:30:22.722 About basic video formats 383 00:30:22.722 --> 00:30:28.172 Let's see how to extract 384 00:30:28.172 --> 00:30:30.772 directly from After Effects 385 00:30:34.572 --> 00:30:41.972 In the file I gave you, 386 00:30:41.972 --> 00:30:51.172 You can open the After Effects file for this lecture 387 00:30:52.322 --> 00:30:57.422 Let's extract the fourth composition from here 388 00:30:58.522 --> 00:31:03.372 I'm going to try extracting Happy New Year 389 00:31:03.372 --> 00:31:12.072 How to extract, actually, I told you the shortcut key in the first lecture 390 00:31:12.972 --> 00:31:15.772 I don't know if you remember, but 391 00:31:15.772 --> 00:31:21.022 If you work on an animation in After Effects and then save it as is, 392 00:31:21.022 --> 00:31:27.822 If you do File - Save As like this, it will have the AEP extension 393 00:31:29.122 --> 00:31:33.622 It is saved as an After Effects project file 394 00:31:33.622 --> 00:31:38.572 AEP files are not a video format 395 00:31:38.572 --> 00:31:40.472 It is a project file format 396 00:31:40.472 --> 00:31:45.422 It is something that you will need later when you rework or do something else 397 00:31:45.422 --> 00:31:52.072 The AEP file itself cannot be played 398 00:31:52.072 --> 00:31:56.272 in any video player program 399 00:31:56.272 --> 00:31:58.922 So, to play it as a video, 400 00:31:58.922 --> 00:32:01.872 After saving the AEP file 401 00:32:01.872 --> 00:32:06.022 You need to convert it to a video file by rendering it 402 00:32:06.022 --> 00:32:08.672 There are two ways 403 00:32:08.672 --> 00:32:12.872 Go to File in the menu bar and select Export 404 00:32:12.872 --> 00:32:16.472 Add to Adobe Media Encoder Queue 405 00:32:16.472 --> 00:32:20.422 and Add to Render Queue 406 00:32:22.622 --> 00:32:24.672 Another approach is 407 00:32:24.672 --> 00:32:28.272 Go to Composition in the menu bar 408 00:32:28.272 --> 00:32:32.022 I will extract the composition 409 00:32:32.022 --> 00:32:35.872 Add to Adobe Media Encoder Queue 410 00:32:35.872 --> 00:32:39.622 and Add to Render Queue 411 00:32:39.622 --> 00:32:45.222 The shortcuts are Ctrl + Alt + M, and Ctrl + M 412 00:32:45.222 --> 00:32:54.372 Ctrl + M means it will render in After Effects 413 00:32:55.522 --> 00:33:02.822 Ctrl + Alt + M is what you'll do in Media Encoder 414 00:33:02.822 --> 00:33:07.072 Let's start with the first Render Queue 415 00:33:07.072 --> 00:33:12.222 If you click on it, the rendering queue will appear like this 416 00:33:12.222 --> 00:33:16.522 Numbers 1 and 2 are traces of what was done in the past 417 00:33:18.722 --> 00:33:21.872 The one at the bottom is probably the most recent one 418 00:33:21.872 --> 00:33:24.572 So, the activation is in blue 419 00:33:24.572 --> 00:33:27.972 If you click on Render Settings, if you click on the blue part 420 00:33:27.972 --> 00:33:33.572 Quality, Resolution, Time Sampling 421 00:33:33.572 --> 00:33:35.972 It comes out like this 422 00:33:35.972 --> 00:33:38.422 Basically, just press OK 423 00:33:38.422 --> 00:33:41.972 What are you going to do with the Output Module? I'll try pressing this too 424 00:33:43.622 --> 00:33:47.772 If you look at it, you are familiar with H.264, right? 425 00:33:47.772 --> 00:33:50.972 I showed you this screen just before 426 00:33:50.972 --> 00:33:55.122 The format will be H.264 427 00:33:55.122 --> 00:34:00.172 And we're going to do it in RGB and the audio is going to be 16 bit 428 00:34:00.172 --> 00:34:02.472 And press OK 429 00:34:02.472 --> 00:34:05.522 But the render is not activated, because 430 00:34:05.522 --> 00:34:09.422 Output To: Where will the output be placed? 431 00:34:09.422 --> 00:34:13.722 It says "Not yet specified" 432 00:34:13.722 --> 00:34:17.572 If you click here, I'll put it on my desktop 433 00:34:17.572 --> 00:34:21.472 Then, if you press save on the desktop, it will now be activated 434 00:34:22.222 --> 00:34:25.922 So, if you do this and press Render, 435 00:34:28.122 --> 00:34:34.122 It ends after showing what happens to Current Render 436 00:34:34.122 --> 00:34:38.272 When that's done, I saved it on my desktop so I'll take a look 437 00:34:38.272 --> 00:34:42.322 It was saved on the desktop like this 438 00:34:42.322 --> 00:34:45.072 I'll double click to open it 439 00:34:45.072 --> 00:34:48.872 If you open it, it all comes out 440 00:34:49.522 --> 00:34:54.322 But when it starts playing, the back part becomes black 441 00:34:55.472 --> 00:34:59.422 I only did this upto 2 seconds 442 00:34:59.422 --> 00:35:01.622 It was extracted upto 13 seconds 443 00:35:01.622 --> 00:35:04.872 I'll try to solve this How am I going to solve it? 444 00:35:04.872 --> 00:35:09.822 This time, we will render using Media Encoder 445 00:35:09.822 --> 00:35:11.422 I'll try to solve it 446 00:35:11.822 --> 00:35:21.472 First, while clicking on the composition you want to render 447 00:35:21.472 --> 00:35:25.072 You can load it by pressing Ctrl + Alt + M 448 00:35:25.072 --> 00:35:26.372 What are you loading? 449 00:35:26.372 --> 00:35:33.922 Download and load the Adobe Media Encoder app 450 00:35:33.922 --> 00:35:38.972 If you downloaded it in advance, it will be activated 451 00:35:40.622 --> 00:35:45.022 The queue is the same 452 00:35:47.022 --> 00:35:52.922 The form is divided into a little more detail 453 00:35:52.922 --> 00:35:54.972 Then in this queue 454 00:35:56.072 --> 00:36:02.272 What I did earlier is marked as completed here 455 00:36:02.272 --> 00:36:05.822 And because I pressed it again to do it 456 00:36:05.822 --> 00:36:11.372 It says "preparation" at the very end 457 00:36:11.372 --> 00:36:15.872 At this point, if it is ready, just press the play button 458 00:36:15.872 --> 00:36:19.172 I'll check it once and go 459 00:36:19.472 --> 00:36:21.522 Is it H 264? 460 00:36:21.522 --> 00:36:23.872 Yes, it will be in H.264 format 461 00:36:23.872 --> 00:36:26.822 And the preset is called Match Source 462 00:36:26.822 --> 00:36:30.572 It says to do it at High Bitrate 463 00:36:30.572 --> 00:36:33.072 If you want to change the output name, click 464 00:36:33.072 --> 00:36:38.072 You can change the output name and save location 465 00:36:38.072 --> 00:36:40.772 And export video, export audio 466 00:36:40.772 --> 00:36:42.772 Please check together 467 00:36:43.572 --> 00:36:48.022 Usually I use maximum rendering quality 468 00:36:49.372 --> 00:36:51.722 What was the problem earlier? 469 00:36:52.172 --> 00:36:56.422 You can preview it here 470 00:36:56.422 --> 00:36:59.572 If you drag the indicator like this, 471 00:37:00.722 --> 00:37:04.972 I picked too long of a time zone earlier 472 00:37:04.972 --> 00:37:10.222 So I want to stop before the screen turns off 473 00:37:10.222 --> 00:37:20.772 So, please adjust the output range to 2 seconds, 16 frames 474 00:37:21.522 --> 00:37:28.972 When I play it back, it only comes up to here 475 00:37:29.572 --> 00:37:35.022 So, in this way, in a preview like this 476 00:37:35.872 --> 00:37:37.772 Please check to make sure you are not extracting 477 00:37:37.772 --> 00:37:41.322 too much or too little 478 00:37:41.322 --> 00:37:45.322 Please note that the length is adjustable 479 00:37:45.322 --> 00:37:49.722 I'll press confirm Then the customization is confirmed 480 00:37:49.722 --> 00:37:53.072 Now the save location has been checked again 481 00:37:53.072 --> 00:37:56.571 If you are ready, just press it now 482 00:37:56.571 --> 00:37:58.571 It was so short and it was done right away 483 00:37:58.571 --> 00:38:02.571 It should have shown that the encoding is happening here 484 00:38:02.571 --> 00:38:05.221 It became very short 485 00:38:05.221 --> 00:38:08.921 I said I would save it on local disk C 486 00:38:08.921 --> 00:38:10.471 So here it is 487 00:38:13.121 --> 00:38:16.371 If you look, the duration is 2 seconds 488 00:38:17.421 --> 00:38:22.371 I got it new as I specified 489 00:38:28.271 --> 00:38:33.721 There are two ways to render like this 490 00:38:33.721 --> 00:38:37.121 Add to the render queue directly from the AEP file 491 00:38:37.121 --> 00:38:42.521 Or you can pass it to Media Encoder for detailed adjustments 492 00:38:45.821 --> 00:38:47.621 There are two ways 493 00:38:47.621 --> 00:38:53.871 You can try it out by practicing 494 00:38:53.871 --> 00:38:56.221 In this lecture we looked at video formats and 495 00:38:56.221 --> 00:38:58.621 its composition 496 00:38:58.621 --> 00:39:01.121 Then also through rendering in After Effects 497 00:39:01.121 --> 00:39:03.021 we learned about two methods 498 00:39:03.021 --> 00:39:05.871 of extracting completed work 499 00:39:05.871 --> 00:39:08.621 As much as creating motion graphics 500 00:39:08.621 --> 00:39:10.821 Understanding the format of that file and 501 00:39:10.821 --> 00:39:12.971 The process of extraction according to the standard 502 00:39:12.971 --> 00:39:15.821 is very important 503 00:39:15.821 --> 00:39:20.621 Then, let's wrap up by summarizing what we learned in this lecture 504 00:39:20.621 --> 00:39:22.171 Thank you 505 00:39:22.171 --> 00:39:22.671 Video Formats and Composition 506 00:39:22.671 --> 00:39:23.221 Video Resolution: The number of dots that make up the width and height of the image 507 00:39:23.221 --> 00:39:23.771 Aspect ratio: the ratio of the length of the width to the height 508 00:39:23.771 --> 00:39:24.321 As the standard for video transitions to HD, it is based on a wide screen represented by 16:9 509 00:39:24.321 --> 00:39:24.871 Frame rate Tells how many still images are shown per second 510 00:39:24.871 --> 00:39:25.471 Korea uses NTSC standard 29.97fps 511 00:39:25.471 --> 00:39:26.021 Video codec: The rules that govern the storage and playback of video There are various types of codecs 512 00:39:26.021 --> 00:39:26.571 You can choose color space, color depth, and compression technology depending on the desired video quality 513 00:39:26.571 --> 00:39:27.121 H.264 is the most widely used format with high compression efficiency 514 00:39:27.121 --> 00:39:27.621 Audio: 16-bit 48KHz audio, the most commonly used in digital video today 515 00:39:27.621 --> 00:39:28.221 16-bit audio can express 0 to 96 dB, satisfying most of the range that humans can perceive 516 00:39:28.221 --> 00:39:28.771 Container A meta-information format that allows workers or computers to make judgments 517 00:39:28.771 --> 00:39:29.321 Container Type: File Extension, File Format 518 00:39:29.321 --> 00:39:29.871 Audio container type: MP3, WMA, etc. 519 00:39:29.871 --> 00:39:30.421 Image container types: AI, AVIF, BMP, JPG, JPEG, JPE, JFIF, HEIF, HEIC, PNG, GIF, PSD, TIF, etc. 520 00:39:30.421 --> 00:39:30.971 Video container type: MP4, AVI, MOV, etc. 521 00:39:30.971 --> 00:39:31.521 Video format: Detailed specifications established by various organizations to ensure video compatibility 522 00:39:31.521 --> 00:39:32.071 VTR, tapeless are representative examples 523 00:39:32.071 --> 00:39:32.871 Understanding and practicing rendering 524 00:39:32.871 --> 00:39:33.721 Convert AEP extension files to render for video playback 525 00:39:33.721 --> 00:39:34.571 Rendering method 526 00:39:34.571 --> 00:39:35.371 Add to Render Queue: Render in After Effects 527 00:39:35.371 --> 00:39:36.221 Add to Media Encoder Queue: Render in Media Encoder 528 00:39:36.221 --> 00:39:37.071 More detailed operations possible with Add to Render Queue