WEBVTT

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Realistic Commons
Level Design (3)

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GCC Academy

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Hello, I’m Kwangwook Tak, 
your instructor for Unreal Graphics

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Previously, we used materials to represent textures

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but lighting is essential to view these textures properly

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In this session, we'll learn about 
the lighting features provided by Unreal Engine

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and how to set them up

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Additionally, we'll explore post-process effects

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a camera feature that enhances 
the visual appeal of your level

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Prop Placement and Lighting Types

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This time, let's decorate the interior 
using various props

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Within Unreal's starter content

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you'll find a folder called Props

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Inside this folder

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we've previously used the door frame and door

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to decorate doors and windows

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You'll also find various items like chairs

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lighting tools

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tables

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and other simple props for decoration

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 Let's use these to create a basic setup

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First, I placed a table in the master bedroom

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and set it up with a desk

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Next, I'll add a chair

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rotate it

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and arrange it

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to suit the room

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Place it

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Just placing one chair feels a bit lacking, 
so let's add another one

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Like this

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Now, we have a setup resembling 
a sitting area with a table and chairs

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Let's do something similar here as well

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In the smaller room

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space is limited

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so I'll just place one table and one chair

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This creates a simple and functional arrangement

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Now, let's install lighting

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To make the setup more convincing

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it's more logical to have light fixtures

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like fluorescent lamps

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It will be something that will make more sense

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For the master bedroom, I'll add a ceiling light

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If you look here

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I'll place it on the "Ceiling" section

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While there's no ceiling at the moment

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we'll add one later

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For now, the light fixture 
hanging from the ceiling is too long

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and the light source is positioned too low

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Let's adjust its size to make it more appropriate

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You can easily resize the light 
by clicking the white square in the center

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and adjusting it all at once, like this

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I've reduced it to about half its original size for now

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It should be placed a bit lower

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Like this

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so let's move it down further

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At this point, you might want to consider 
lighting that falls naturally on the table

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Let's copy the ceiling light

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using the same method

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There was a table in the small room

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I'll place it here like this

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That looks good

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And

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In the starter content,
you'll also find wall-mounted lights

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These types of lights

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are great for areas

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where wall lighting is needed

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such as balconies or bathrooms

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Adding at least one light 
in those areas would be a good idea

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Shall we start with the hallway?

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Place the light like this

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and rotate it as needed

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Right now, the overall lighting

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the lights in the living room, in the small room

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are about half

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I'm reducing them by half by 0.5 each

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So if you arrange all of these lights

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by reducing their scale by half by 0.5, 0.5, 0.5

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Then the overall lighting will look the same and unified

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Arrange them appropriately

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and adjust their height

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Place one light near the door

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and another at the far end

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For the middle section

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let's arrange the lights in a zigzag pattern

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Rotate them 180 degrees

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so they face the correct direction near the door

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Attach them firmly to the wall

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This setup creates indirect lighting

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lighting lights

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softly reflecting upwards

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producing a subtle and natural glow

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Let's also place this light in the shower booth

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the bathroom

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and the toilet

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Rotate it

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90 degrees

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and attach it

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to the wall

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For the bathroom, one light should be enough

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Next, copy the light for the balcony

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by holding the Alt key and place one on this side

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and another on the opposite side

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Use the Alt key again to move

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and rotate

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Done?

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If you put it like this, it's a bit more complete

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filling up the room

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rather than just having nothing

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Using props like these

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adds depth and makes the space

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feel more finished and meaningful

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Now that we've completed the level design

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let's move on to lighting

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A beautifully decorated space deserves the right lighting

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to enhance its aesthetics

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Lighting plays a crucial role

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in setting the mood of a level

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So the lighting provided by Unreal

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is now the place actor

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so if you look at it from here

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the third tab at the top

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If you click on the light tab

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you can see five types of lighting like this

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Unreal Engine provides five types of lighting like this

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Let's minimize the bottom window a bit

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and take a closer look at each of the lights

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These lights also appear under the Light section

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when you click the plus button

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They're the same

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For convenience, I'll use

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the Place Actors panel on the left

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First, let's look at the Directional Light

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This light is included by default

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and has an icon resembling the sun

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As the icon shape looks like a sun

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it literally means the sun

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At the top

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you'll notice the sun-like icon

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If you look at the sun shining at this angle

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you'll see that there's a white arrow on the icon

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It shows the angle at which the sunlight is projected

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It indicates the direction of the sunlight

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The sun is shining from the top left

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You can see how the shadows are cast

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Since the Directional Light represents sunlight, 
its position doesn't matter

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Whether it's close by or far away, 
it will illuminate the level at the same angle

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The kind of lighting that makes 
this entire level shine at the same angle

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is Directional Light

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So, if you move the Directional Light actor

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you'll notice its position has no effect

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It doesn't matter if it moves like this

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Rather, it has to do with the angle

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When you rotate it

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you'll notice the shadows change

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along with the light's angle

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This also simulates the sun's position shifting

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Right?

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Let's reset it

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To adjust the properties of this light, 
use the Details panel

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So if you look at the details window on the right

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If you look at the bottom

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In the transform, this rotation doesn't matter

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only the Rotation affects

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while the Scale does not

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Below that, you'll find the Intensity

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The intensity is 6 lux, 
which means the intensity of the light

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Intensity

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When you increase the Intensity

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the light becomes much brighter

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Conversely, lowering it makes the scene darker

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If you set it to 0, the light turns off completely

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while setting it to 0.1 results in a very dim light

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However, you might notice something

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even though the intensity was reduced to 0.1

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the scene gradually becomes brighter

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eventually resembling the original lighting

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On the other hand, if you set it to a high value

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like 100, the scene becomes extremely bright at first

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but gradually dims back

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to its original state

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This behavior is due to a feature called Exposure, 
which simulates eye adaptation

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What that means is

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when we go from outside to inside

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when we go from a bright place to a dark place, 
at first it's very dark

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but then our eyes adjust to the dark

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and it gradually gets brighter and brighter,
and perceive the room

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The function that applies those expressions 
directly is called Exposure

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Exposure is part of the camera's Post-Process features

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and is currently active

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This is why, no matter how much you adjust the lighting

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it reverts to a consistent value

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It's set like this

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To modify these settings

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go to the Editor's Project Settings

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On the left-hand side, under Engine

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select Rendering

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If you scroll down

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among the rendering details inside that rendering

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You'll see various settings there

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and there is an item called post processing

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Post processing has already been applied

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Below, you'll find a Default Settings section

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listing the basic configurations

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for post-processing

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Among these, you'll notice that 
Auto Exposure is checked

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Auto Exposure

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This means that automatic eye adaptation

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is enabled

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So you can think of this setting as one

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that applies to all levels you've created 
within your project

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So, no matter what level you create

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when we brighten the lights, they'll get darker

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and when we darken them, they'll get brighter

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So here, you can turn this setting off

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or if I don't care about this

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and I want just to leave this as default

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and only turn it off for a little while I'm working

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when you say I'll just turn it off 
for a little while I'm working

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rather than touching this

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 if you look at the top of this folder

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there's something called "lit"

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Under the lit item, find Expose

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If you look underneath here, 
you'll see that it says game settings are checked

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Checking game settings means that

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we will use the post-project settings

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we just saw in the project settings window

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and show those settings as they are in the viewport

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So you need to turn this setting off

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By default

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the lighting settings configured in the Project Settings

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the exposure settings can no longer 
be applied or visible in this view

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You can't see it

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When you reduce the Intensity

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the scene darkens

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Setting it to 1 makes it brighter

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but there’s no change

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When set back to 6

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the lighting appears like this

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without any adjustments

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When working

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especially during level design and lighting tasks

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it's important to achieve

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the desired effects intentionally

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Since the brightness of the lights 
cannot be adjusted carelessly

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it's better to turn off 
the Game Settings in the Lit menu

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Now, let's take another look 
at the lighting in this state

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We were looking at the Directional Light

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and as mentioned, the Intensity value 
represents the brightness of the light

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Higher values result in brighter light

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Let's try 20

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It's very bright

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Bright like this

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Conversely, lower values produce dimmer light

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You can think like this

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Let's set it to around 10

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Below that, you'll see the Light Color option

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The Light Color setting, 
as the name suggests, light's color

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Currently, it’s set to white

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If you change it to blue

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like this

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you'll see a blue light cast across the scene

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creating a dawn-like

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or early morning atmosphere

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If you go with blue like this

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you can implement the feeling of dawn like this

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On the other hand, selecting a yellowish color

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can evoke a desert-like feel

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I guess that kind of lighting colors can be seen

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We've covered two key points so far

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Next, below the Directional Light is the Point Light

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Let's drag it out

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I'll drag it

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and place it in a slightly darker area

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You'll see a bulb-shaped light appear

275
00:14:51.559 --> 00:14:57.880
A Point Light emits light from its center, 
radiating in all directions

276
00:14:57.880 --> 00:15:02.182
So, this light's position matters

277
00:15:02.182 --> 00:15:06.321
You can move like this, almost like a torch

278
00:15:06.321 --> 00:15:08.721
Like this

279
00:15:08.721 --> 00:15:11.201
Since the light radiates outward from the center

280
00:15:11.201 --> 00:15:12.680
it's not affected by angles

281
00:15:15.239 --> 00:15:19.158
And since the light radiates from the center

282
00:15:19.159 --> 00:15:21.906
How far does the light extend?

283
00:15:22.502 --> 00:15:24.102
You might think like this

284
00:15:24.434 --> 00:15:25.780
As for how far it extends

285
00:15:25.781 --> 00:15:27.957
if you pull all the way back here

286
00:15:28.461 --> 00:15:30.633
you can see a sky-blue wireframe

287
00:15:30.634 --> 00:15:34.093
and the light extends to this wireframe

288
00:15:34.359 --> 00:15:38.520
In other words, the light extends from the center 
and reaches the circle on the outside

289
00:15:38.521 --> 00:15:40.535
It starts with 100% intensity

290
00:15:40.535 --> 00:15:43.810
It's extended with 100% intensity

291
00:15:43.810 --> 00:15:47.261
its intensity of the light 
becomes weaker as it goes further

292
00:15:47.261 --> 00:15:50.381
This is a characteristic of the Point Light

293
00:15:50.381 --> 00:15:53.018
Similarly, on the right side of the Details panel

294
00:15:53.019 --> 00:15:58.623
you can adjust the Intensity and Color settings

295
00:16:01.840 --> 00:16:04.540
This creates a warm, cozy indoor atmosphere

296
00:16:05.063 --> 00:16:07.303
Unlike the Directional Light

297
00:16:07.304 --> 00:16:11.313
you'll notice an additional parameter 
called Attenuation Radius

298
00:16:11.359 --> 00:16:14.961
The Attenuation Radius defines the reach of the light

299
00:16:15.199 --> 00:16:18.099
Currently set to 1000

300
00:16:18.100 --> 00:16:20.520
let's reduce this value half

301
00:16:20.520 --> 00:16:21.481
To 500

302
00:16:22.016 --> 00:16:24.955
You'll see the outer wireframe

303
00:16:24.956 --> 00:16:27.279
contract significantly

304
00:16:27.520 --> 00:16:28.461
If we reduce it further

305
00:16:29.478 --> 00:16:31.757
to 100

306
00:16:32.527 --> 00:16:35.927
the light's reach is limited to this smaller wireframe

307
00:16:35.927 --> 00:16:38.878
As a result, the light no longer reaches the walls

308
00:16:38.878 --> 00:16:40.581
It doesn't

309
00:16:40.581 --> 00:16:44.195
meaning this area remains unaffected

310
00:16:44.195 --> 00:16:45.860
by the Point Light

311
00:16:45.860 --> 00:16:50.761
When you move

312
00:16:51.846 --> 00:16:54.180
so that objects fall within the sphere

313
00:16:54.180 --> 00:16:57.637
you'll see them illuminated

314
00:16:58.899 --> 00:17:03.418
Adjusting the size appropriately 
ensures the desired effect

315
00:17:03.662 --> 00:17:05.761
That covers the features of the Point Light

316
00:17:05.762 --> 00:17:08.280
Now, let's move on to the Spot Light

317
00:17:08.757 --> 00:17:12.157
Drag and drop it into the scene

318
00:17:12.158 --> 00:17:13.260
and you'll notice its icon

319
00:17:14.140 --> 00:17:19.540
resembles a stage spotlight

320
00:17:19.541 --> 00:17:21.257
often called a pin light

321
00:17:22.240 --> 00:17:24.783
This type of light has a defined angle

322
00:17:25.015 --> 00:17:29.174
Right now, light is emitted in the direction of the arrow

323
00:17:29.389 --> 00:17:34.868
and you can see that the light is emitted 
only at an angle in the shape of a cone

324
00:17:36.119 --> 00:17:41.999
So again, the position is relevant

325
00:17:41.999 --> 00:17:44.961
And it also depends on the rotation

326
00:17:44.961 --> 00:17:48.736
So you can see that the light is shining toward the cone

327
00:17:49.280 --> 00:17:53.579
Likewise, the reach distance is like this

328
00:17:54.078 --> 00:17:56.118
as you can see below

329
00:17:56.999 --> 00:17:59.860
the light starts at this point

330
00:17:59.861 --> 00:18:03.554
and gradually gets weaker as it gets here

331
00:18:03.800 --> 00:18:06.740
Likewise, all of these can be adjusted in the Details

332
00:18:07.276 --> 00:18:09.217
The Intensity, currently set to 8

333
00:18:09.217 --> 00:18:11.735
Intensity controls the brightness

334
00:18:12.319 --> 00:18:15.021
and can adjust light's intensity

335
00:18:15.901 --> 00:18:19.500
You can also change the Light Color

336
00:18:20.134 --> 00:18:21.199
Let's try blue

337
00:18:23.400 --> 00:18:24.400
Like this

338
00:18:24.401 --> 00:18:26.666
And Attenuation Radius

339
00:18:27.080 --> 00:18:28.720
determines the reach

340
00:18:28.721 --> 00:18:33.183
It's the reach of the cone's tip

341
00:18:33.183 --> 00:18:35.100
So it shortens like this

342
00:18:35.101 --> 00:18:36.183
It can be shortened

343
00:18:36.679 --> 00:18:38.959
If you reduce it further so that it doesn't reach the floor

344
00:18:38.959 --> 00:18:40.221
If it doesn't

345
00:18:40.399 --> 00:18:44.079
you'll notice the light no longer illuminates the ground

346
00:18:46.439 --> 00:18:51.120
Next, we have the Inner Cone Angle and Outer Cone Angle

347
00:18:51.451 --> 00:18:57.450
which define the angles of the cone

348
00:18:57.450 --> 00:19:00.220
Let's start with the Outer Cone Angle

349
00:19:00.221 --> 00:19:01.701
Outer Cone Angle

350
00:19:01.894 --> 00:19:03.854
represents the angle

351
00:19:04.242 --> 00:19:05.862
overall angle of the cone

352
00:19:06.359 --> 00:19:07.100
Like this

353
00:19:08.437 --> 00:19:12.177
The Inner Cone Angle is currently set to 0

354
00:19:12.479 --> 00:19:14.520
As you increase it slightly

355
00:19:14.520 --> 00:19:18.620
you'll see an additional inner cone appear

356
00:19:18.839 --> 00:19:20.500
To better illustrate the difference

357
00:19:20.863 --> 00:19:23.583
let's change the light color to white

358
00:19:25.560 --> 00:19:27.820
If you reduce the Outer Cone Angle

359
00:19:28.205 --> 00:19:31.985
and then adjust the Inner Cone Angle 
by expanding it outward

360
00:19:32.439 --> 00:19:34.121
If you expand it

361
00:19:35.540 --> 00:19:36.208
you'll notice

362
00:19:37.060 --> 00:19:42.680
the outer edge of the light becomes sharply defined

363
00:19:42.680 --> 00:19:43.373
Like this

364
00:19:43.907 --> 00:19:44.907
Right?

365
00:19:44.908 --> 00:19:48.728
Conversely, when the angles are smaller, 
the light spreads more softly

366
00:19:49.000 --> 00:19:53.420
The relationship between the two is

367
00:19:53.421 --> 00:19:56.607
The Inner Cone Angle represents the area 
where the light intensity is 100%

368
00:19:56.607 --> 00:20:03.040
while from that point to the Outer Cone Angle, 
the light gradually diminishes

369
00:20:03.040 --> 00:20:05.541
So, you can think of it

370
00:20:05.542 --> 00:20:08.441
as a setting that allows you to set

371
00:20:08.442 --> 00:20:10.282
a soft, blurry lighting distance

372
00:20:11.000 --> 00:20:16.519
Sharp lighting may sometimes be necessary

373
00:20:16.520 --> 00:20:18.040
but soft lighting is also important

374
00:20:18.239 --> 00:20:21.959
This feature is used to create

375
00:20:22.350 --> 00:20:23.919
such effects

376
00:20:24.199 --> 00:20:26.360
For example, you can replicate

377
00:20:27.984 --> 00:20:30.884
the kind of lighting you see in art galleries

378
00:20:31.239 --> 00:20:37.199
where lights are directed at artworks

379
00:20:37.199 --> 00:20:41.899
At this time, if you adjust the Inner Cone Angle

380
00:20:41.900 --> 00:20:44.200
and the Outer Cone Angle a little bit

381
00:20:44.200 --> 00:20:45.740
If you adjust like this

382
00:20:45.741 --> 00:20:48.727
you can create a type of lighting

383
00:20:48.727 --> 00:20:52.419
that is sharp at the top and becomes a little looser

384
00:20:52.420 --> 00:20:55.927
You can create that kind of lighting

385
00:20:56.339 --> 00:20:57.280
Like this

386
00:20:57.709 --> 00:21:01.689
If you press the G key, this Gizmo disappears

387
00:21:02.219 --> 00:21:04.359
and found out about Spot Light

388
00:21:04.756 --> 00:21:06.279
Let's delete it now

389
00:21:07.499 --> 00:21:09.620
The fourth is the Rect Light

390
00:21:09.620 --> 00:21:13.022
When you drag it out

391
00:21:13.999 --> 00:21:17.701
you'll see a rectangular icon

392
00:21:17.944 --> 00:21:21.903
This icon represents area lighting

393
00:21:22.400 --> 00:21:23.480
where light is emitted

394
00:21:23.683 --> 00:21:28.563
from the rectangular surface

395
00:21:28.563 --> 00:21:33.026
in the direction of the red X-axis

396
00:21:33.026 --> 00:21:34.420
How far does the light reach?

397
00:21:35.105 --> 00:21:38.665
Just like other lights, 
it extends to the Attenuation Radius

398
00:21:39.359 --> 00:21:41.660
represented by the outer wireframe

399
00:21:41.661 --> 00:21:43.917
The basic properties of the Rect Light 
are the same as those of the Point Light

400
00:21:44.280 --> 00:21:45.521
However, the Rect Light

401
00:21:47.600 --> 00:21:50.000
is designed so that

402
00:21:50.001 --> 00:21:53.775
the back of the rectangular surface is blocked

403
00:21:53.776 --> 00:21:55.510
and only the front emits light

404
00:21:56.290 --> 00:21:58.380
Similarly, in the Details

405
00:21:58.560 --> 00:22:00.601
you can adjust the Intensity

406
00:22:00.602 --> 00:22:01.869
to control the light's brightness

407
00:22:03.020 --> 00:22:06.140
and modify the Color as needed

408
00:22:06.640 --> 00:22:10.020
Then, the Attenuation Radius allows you to adjust

409
00:22:10.021 --> 00:22:12.117
the light's reach in this manner

410
00:22:12.560 --> 00:22:17.959
You'll also notice Source Width 
and Source Height settings

411
00:22:17.959 --> 00:22:24.400
These control the size of the central rectangular box

412
00:22:24.400 --> 00:22:27.561
Increasing the Width makes 
the rectangle longer horizontally

413
00:22:27.561 --> 00:22:31.457
while increasing the Height extends it vertically

414
00:22:31.760 --> 00:22:32.939
Let's shorten it like this

415
00:22:33.994 --> 00:22:35.934
You can do it like this

416
00:22:36.359 --> 00:22:39.840
Using these adjustments, you can create lighting effects 
such as those that appear to emit from walls

417
00:22:42.419 --> 00:22:44.520
If there's a monitor

418
00:22:44.521 --> 00:22:46.900
or TV screen

419
00:22:46.901 --> 00:22:48.183
like this

420
00:22:52.959 --> 00:22:56.520
you can use this light

421
00:22:58.298 --> 00:23:01.318
to simulate the glow from the screen like this

422
00:23:04.560 --> 00:23:07.440
Also, there are options for Barn Door Angle

423
00:23:07.441 --> 00:23:09.805
and Barn Door Length

424
00:23:09.805 --> 00:23:15.379
These settings affect the outer rectangular frame

425
00:23:15.379 --> 00:23:19.437
So, when you tighten the angle a bit

426
00:23:19.437 --> 00:23:23.357
the angle gets narrower

427
00:23:23.357 --> 00:23:27.340
and the light gets narrower

428
00:23:27.700 --> 00:23:30.560
which is the Barn Door Angle

429
00:23:30.720 --> 00:23:34.219
The Barn Door Length adjusts the length of the rectangle

430
00:23:34.959 --> 00:23:36.359
Make it long

431
00:23:36.539 --> 00:23:39.399
If you increase the Attenuation Radius, 
the effect becomes more noticeable

432
00:23:39.923 --> 00:23:40.689
Like this

433
00:23:40.959 --> 00:23:43.761
By adjusting both the angle and the length

434
00:23:43.762 --> 00:23:49.061
you can define the shape of the light's reach

435
00:23:50.599 --> 00:23:51.500
Done?

436
00:23:51.961 --> 00:23:54.061
Let's delete the Rect Light

437
00:23:54.640 --> 00:23:58.039
Sky Light

438
00:23:58.040 --> 00:23:59.080
is the sky light

439
00:23:59.081 --> 00:24:01.892
As the name suggests, the Sky Light

440
00:24:01.893 --> 00:24:04.652
provides lighting that simulates the blue sky

441
00:24:05.119 --> 00:24:08.661
casting that ambient feel onto the level

442
00:24:08.662 --> 00:24:10.523
To be more precise

443
00:24:10.524 --> 00:24:13.444
it represents environmental lighting
rather than just sky lighting

444
00:24:13.444 --> 00:24:14.681
Ambient light refers to

445
00:24:14.682 --> 00:24:19.119
when we normally bring in a light and shine a light on it

446
00:24:19.520 --> 00:24:20.861
if you look at it like this

447
00:24:22.090 --> 00:24:26.129
the light doesn't just shine directly

448
00:24:26.130 --> 00:24:27.411
on the table like this

449
00:24:27.680 --> 00:24:33.060
But in fact, the light bounces off 
the surrounding materials

450
00:24:33.411 --> 00:24:36.650
or objects and reflects the light

451
00:24:36.886 --> 00:24:39.586
so that the darkness inside is visible

452
00:24:39.959 --> 00:24:42.341
That's how it works

453
00:24:42.638 --> 00:24:46.438
So if you look at the level, 
there's already a light there

454
00:24:46.920 --> 00:24:50.561
called Sky Light

455
00:24:50.562 --> 00:24:55.089
The Sky Light allows the darker areas

456
00:24:55.090 --> 00:25:00.821
created by the Directional Light, to remain visible

457
00:25:00.822 --> 00:25:03.820
within the boundaries of light and shadow

458
00:25:03.821 --> 00:25:05.929
So, since the Sky Light is installed

459
00:25:05.930 --> 00:25:08.282
The colors of the clouds in the sky

460
00:25:08.282 --> 00:25:13.021
and the colors that bounce off this light

461
00:25:13.022 --> 00:25:16.341
are all applied in the darkness

462
00:25:16.342 --> 00:25:17.920
You can think like this

463
00:25:17.920 --> 00:25:20.980
This is the key feature of the Sky Light

464
00:25:20.980 --> 00:25:24.636
There's nothing else in Sky Light, 
it's just a matter of touching and drag and drop

465
00:25:25.479 --> 00:25:27.880
However, since there's already one present

466
00:25:27.881 --> 00:25:29.200
you'll see a message

467
00:25:29.200 --> 00:25:29.875
So, let's delete this

468
00:25:29.875 --> 00:25:32.272
There's one more thing to consider

469
00:25:32.719 --> 00:25:38.559
introduced with Unreal Engine 5.0

470
00:25:38.559 --> 00:25:41.499
The Lumen system

471
00:25:41.499 --> 00:25:44.739
Lumen is a unique Unreal Engine process

472
00:25:44.740 --> 00:25:46.760
that produces similar effects to the Sky Light

473
00:25:46.760 --> 00:25:49.941
If you check the Project Settings under the Edit

474
00:25:49.942 --> 00:25:51.852
you'll find the Rendering tab we looked at earlier

475
00:25:51.852 --> 00:25:55.574
There was engine's Rendering tab

476
00:25:55.800 --> 00:25:58.680
Scroll down to

477
00:25:58.680 --> 00:25:59.971
the Global Illumination

478
00:25:59.972 --> 00:26:03.265
It means ambient light

479
00:26:03.359 --> 00:26:04.280
Global Illumination

480
00:26:04.280 --> 00:26:06.061
This is called GI

481
00:26:06.473 --> 00:26:07.693
The ambient light

482
00:26:07.694 --> 00:26:09.365
Dynamic Global Illumination

483
00:26:09.366 --> 00:26:13.185
The technology that creates this 
ambient light in real time

484
00:26:13.186 --> 00:26:16.559
is currently set to Lumen

485
00:26:16.559 --> 00:26:20.400
Lumen is a unique system in Unreal

486
00:26:20.401 --> 00:26:23.199
For instance, when a light shines on a table

487
00:26:23.348 --> 00:26:26.448
the darker areas are illuminated by the indirect light

488
00:26:26.839 --> 00:26:31.928
Reflection occurs because the reflected light 
bounces off the light

489
00:26:31.929 --> 00:26:35.400
but point lights generally 
do not express the reflected light

490
00:26:35.400 --> 00:26:39.360
and the skylight expresses this reflected light

491
00:26:39.360 --> 00:26:42.760
Both types of lighting need to coexist

492
00:26:42.760 --> 00:26:45.080
The Lumen system

493
00:26:45.080 --> 00:26:50.140
is a unique Unreal feature that can handle

494
00:26:50.140 --> 00:26:56.280
light reflections with great precision, 
even without Sky Light

495
00:26:56.840 --> 00:27:00.260
So here, if there's no Sky Light

496
00:27:00.261 --> 00:27:01.268
If you erase it

497
00:27:01.269 --> 00:27:04.729
areas that typically appear dark are

498
00:27:04.729 --> 00:27:09.879
naturally illuminated by the reflected light

499
00:27:09.879 --> 00:27:13.439
Thanks to Lumen, this is how lighting behaves this way

500
00:27:13.719 --> 00:27:16.580
If you turn off the Lumen system

501
00:27:17.590 --> 00:27:20.890
by setting it to None and check the scene again

502
00:27:21.427 --> 00:27:23.626
you'll notice no lighting effect

503
00:27:24.239 --> 00:27:26.320
in the darker areas

504
00:27:26.321 --> 00:27:27.906
Right?

505
00:27:28.226 --> 00:27:30.948
If you delete the Directional Light

506
00:27:30.948 --> 00:27:32.361
and Point Light

507
00:27:32.599 --> 00:27:36.559
the indirect lighting

508
00:27:37.959 --> 00:27:38.760
disappears

509
00:27:38.761 --> 00:27:43.001
Only the areas directly lit by 
the Directional Light remain bright

510
00:27:43.002 --> 00:27:46.122
while the parts that should be 
illuminated by indirect light

511
00:27:46.123 --> 00:27:49.812
stay pitch black, with no reflection effects applied

512
00:27:49.812 --> 00:27:52.860
This is where Lumen comes into play

513
00:27:53.157 --> 00:27:55.016
By simply enabling Lumen

514
00:27:55.680 --> 00:28:00.620
indirect lighting is automatically rendered, 
even without adding additional lights

515
00:28:01.308 --> 00:28:03.108
Furthermore, if you

516
00:28:04.000 --> 00:28:06.621
increase the Intensity value

517
00:28:06.621 --> 00:28:08.860
of the Directional Light

518
00:28:09.440 --> 00:28:13.881
the brightness of the reflections also intensifies

519
00:28:13.882 --> 00:28:17.742
making the shadows and lighting appear more realistic

520
00:28:18.940 --> 00:28:22.540
This is one of Unreal Engine's most powerful system

521
00:28:22.540 --> 00:28:25.540
And it's a system that Unreal is very proud of

522
00:28:25.540 --> 00:28:27.701
It has the advantage of

523
00:28:27.701 --> 00:28:32.061
being able to create rich lighting effects 
using just one simple light

524
00:28:32.061 --> 00:28:34.421
However, Lumen has its limitations

525
00:28:34.422 --> 00:28:37.296
While it accurately simulates indirect lighting

526
00:28:37.297 --> 00:28:40.797
by bouncing off objects and reflecting onto other surfaces

527
00:28:41.078 --> 00:28:41.878
But as I mentioned earlier

528
00:28:41.878 --> 00:28:43.939
the blue light from the sky

529
00:28:44.436 --> 00:28:48.036
should naturally affect darker areas

530
00:28:48.798 --> 00:28:51.888
So the color in the sky should be included here

531
00:28:51.888 --> 00:28:55.899
But Lumen doesn't apply the sky color

532
00:28:55.899 --> 00:28:58.529
These lights are just bounced off the object

533
00:28:58.530 --> 00:29:00.678
and reflected on the object

534
00:29:00.679 --> 00:29:01.888
So, if you look here

535
00:29:01.889 --> 00:29:03.561
since the surrounding area is yellow

536
00:29:03.561 --> 00:29:07.201
you can see that only 
the yellow reflected light is expressed

537
00:29:08.133 --> 00:29:11.121
For reflecting and applying light from the sky

538
00:29:11.122 --> 00:29:12.257
to adjust

539
00:29:12.257 --> 00:29:15.538
Sky Light is essential

540
00:29:15.538 --> 00:29:16.538
Like this

541
00:29:16.840 --> 00:29:20.241
Adding it, as shown here, 
might make the scene feel slightly brighter

542
00:29:20.997 --> 00:29:22.537
More precisely

543
00:29:22.538 --> 00:29:26.029
the blue sky and white clouds

544
00:29:26.030 --> 00:29:29.191
illuminate the darker areas

545
00:29:29.192 --> 00:29:32.931
adding a subtle blue tint to the scene

546
00:29:33.320 --> 00:29:35.581
It's better to think like this

547
00:29:35.737 --> 00:29:39.677
Especially these dark parts will stand out more blue

548
00:29:39.972 --> 00:29:41.392
For instance, on metallic surfaces

549
00:29:41.757 --> 00:29:42.537
Here

550
00:29:43.195 --> 00:29:44.535
These

551
00:29:44.536 --> 00:29:46.475
You can clearly see the added blue reflections

552
00:29:46.740 --> 00:29:51.060
This results in more realistic lighting

553
00:29:51.440 --> 00:29:53.202
By utilizing these lighting options effectively

554
00:29:53.202 --> 00:29:57.021
you can create a more immersive 
and visually appealing space

555
00:29:57.264 --> 00:30:00.923
Lighting Effects

556
00:30:01.303 --> 00:30:04.559
By using this foundational knowledge

557
00:30:04.560 --> 00:30:05.877
and lighting theory

558
00:30:05.878 --> 00:30:08.276
I'll set up lighting for the interior

559
00:30:08.276 --> 00:30:09.721
First, let's create a ceiling

560
00:30:09.722 --> 00:30:16.518
I'll copy the floor object and move it upward 
to position it as the ceiling

561
00:30:16.820 --> 00:30:18.799
Adjust it a bit lower

562
00:30:21.839 --> 00:30:22.900
See?

563
00:30:24.918 --> 00:30:26.198
A little bit more

564
00:30:26.797 --> 00:30:27.797
That's better

565
00:30:28.420 --> 00:30:30.340
It went up a little too much

566
00:30:32.960 --> 00:30:36.959
Since no material is applied to the floor, 
it displays a checkered pattern

567
00:30:38.359 --> 00:30:39.800
By applying a material

568
00:30:39.800 --> 00:30:42.594
Using one from the Starter Content

569
00:30:44.199 --> 00:30:46.160
I'll apply Basic Wall

570
00:30:46.161 --> 00:30:50.662
There we go, it's applied now

571
00:30:51.020 --> 00:30:51.859
Good

572
00:30:55.000 --> 00:30:57.001
To set up the light

573
00:30:57.753 --> 00:31:01.833
coming in through the window

574
00:31:01.833 --> 00:31:04.324
I'll use a Directional Light

575
00:31:04.324 --> 00:31:06.200
It's here

576
00:31:06.200 --> 00:31:11.660
Let's rotate it opposite to simulate light

577
00:31:11.660 --> 00:31:14.780
entering through the window

578
00:31:15.089 --> 00:31:17.129
Since its position doesn't matter, 
I'll bring it inside

579
00:31:23.479 --> 00:31:24.560
I'll adjust it

580
00:31:24.561 --> 00:31:26.421
Deep inside

581
00:31:27.640 --> 00:31:28.820
like this

582
00:31:31.160 --> 00:31:32.459
Not bad

583
00:31:34.239 --> 00:31:36.680
Let's do it a little like this

584
00:31:37.777 --> 00:31:42.116
Let's leave it at this level for the overall lighting

585
00:31:43.359 --> 00:31:46.121
To add more lighting, let's place some light props

586
00:31:46.121 --> 00:31:47.602
I'll put Light Actor

587
00:31:47.602 --> 00:31:52.322
Let's place a Spot Light here

588
00:31:52.682 --> 00:31:54.060
like this

589
00:32:04.579 --> 00:32:07.461
Since the light needs to spread outward

590
00:32:07.461 --> 00:32:13.639
I'll adjust the Outer Angle to widen the beam

591
00:32:15.367 --> 00:32:18.479
Then, let's make the angle a little bit

592
00:32:19.199 --> 00:32:20.161
more like this

593
00:32:20.802 --> 00:32:22.203
and let's make the light a little bit stronger

594
00:32:22.203 --> 00:32:24.063
Let's increase the brightness to around 10

595
00:32:25.000 --> 00:32:26.000
Maybe even brighter?

596
00:32:26.000 --> 00:32:29.909
Let's raise it to 20

597
00:32:32.520 --> 00:32:37.839
Using the Inner Cone Angle

598
00:32:37.839 --> 00:32:40.759
the boundary was too soft and dim

599
00:32:40.760 --> 00:32:44.343
so I'll adjust it

600
00:32:44.999 --> 00:32:47.360
to illuminate the edges

601
00:32:48.000 --> 00:32:48.824
The light feels a bit too strong

602
00:32:51.680 --> 00:32:54.759
You can see that the lighting is softly directed`

603
00:32:56.359 --> 00:32:59.920
Over at the balcony, where we have some small props

604
00:33:00.329 --> 00:33:04.029
I'll add a Point Light

605
00:33:04.029 --> 00:33:11.359
and set up the lighting like this

606
00:33:12.108 --> 00:33:15.930
If I put it in like this

607
00:33:16.170 --> 00:33:20.399
it'll snap, so I'll take it out

608
00:33:20.400 --> 00:33:22.146
Just a little bit

609
00:33:22.146 --> 00:33:25.840
This looks better

610
00:33:26.160 --> 00:33:29.339
Since the light is too intense, 
I'll reduce the Intensity

611
00:33:30.039 --> 00:33:32.040
to about 4

612
00:33:32.041 --> 00:33:35.172
and shrink the Attenuation Radius

613
00:33:35.172 --> 00:33:36.741
here

614
00:33:36.742 --> 00:33:41.251
to around 60

615
00:33:41.251 --> 00:33:42.515
Let's adjust

616
00:33:43.000 --> 00:33:45.420
the color to add

617
00:33:45.668 --> 00:33:47.288
a slightly yellowish tone

618
00:33:47.808 --> 00:33:48.780
It creates a cozy atmosphere

619
00:33:48.780 --> 00:33:52.500
The intensity will remain soft

620
00:33:52.820 --> 00:33:58.600
I'll duplicate the light and place it 
on the opposite side like this

621
00:33:58.600 --> 00:34:00.479
Like this

622
00:34:05.200 --> 00:34:08.800
I'll adjust like this

623
00:34:09.360 --> 00:34:10.880
That looks pretty good

624
00:34:10.881 --> 00:34:11.703
Good

625
00:34:13.840 --> 00:34:18.581
We saw that there is

626
00:34:18.581 --> 00:34:21.913
the same light inside the bathroom

627
00:34:22.460 --> 00:34:24.039
I will bring it here

628
00:34:25.519 --> 00:34:27.040
Like this

629
00:34:33.039 --> 00:34:36.840
I'll install it like this

630
00:34:36.841 --> 00:34:41.099
And here

631
00:34:41.099 --> 00:34:44.300
in the small room, adding a Spot Light would work well

632
00:34:45.280 --> 00:35:07.357
I'll copy the light from the larger room

633
00:35:07.357 --> 00:35:10.779
like this

634
00:35:11.239 --> 00:35:17.300
For the hallway, there were similar lights

635
00:35:17.301 --> 00:35:19.180
I'll duplicate those

636
00:35:21.800 --> 00:35:31.458
and install them in the hallway as well

637
00:35:31.796 --> 00:35:32.796
Like this

638
00:35:52.230 --> 00:35:54.669
I'll make one

639
00:35:56.869 --> 00:35:59.750
Let's also place one on the opposite side

640
00:36:09.439 --> 00:36:12.421
Now, the living room feels a bit plain

641
00:36:12.421 --> 00:36:18.727
Let's use Spot Lights to create 
a gallery-like lighting effect in the living room

642
00:36:18.907 --> 00:36:23.000
I'll bring the lights over

643
00:36:23.000 --> 00:36:26.959
Rotate the light slightly

644
00:36:26.959 --> 00:36:28.801
and fix it in place

645
00:36:29.388 --> 00:36:35.807
Adjusting the Inner Cone angle slightly

646
00:36:35.807 --> 00:36:41.340
and fine-tuning both 
the Inner Cone and Outer Cone angles

647
00:36:41.340 --> 00:36:43.520
like this

648
00:36:44.040 --> 00:36:46.939
can achieve the desired lighting effect like this

649
00:36:47.439 --> 00:36:49.099
Let’s narrow the angles further

650
00:36:49.099 --> 00:36:51.846
Inside and outside like this

651
00:36:52.719 --> 00:36:53.799
Look

652
00:36:56.500 --> 00:36:57.821
It feels small

653
00:36:58.532 --> 00:36:59.992
Good, I'll copy

654
00:37:02.080 --> 00:37:05.679
I'll copy and place

655
00:37:05.680 --> 00:37:08.140
about three overlapping lights in the center

656
00:37:08.140 --> 00:37:11.242
In this case, after placing the lights

657
00:37:11.242 --> 00:37:13.781
you might notice the icons change

658
00:37:13.781 --> 00:37:16.802
and some display an X mark

659
00:37:17.280 --> 00:37:19.319
This X indicates that

660
00:37:19.320 --> 00:37:22.522
the light is not functioning

661
00:37:23.279 --> 00:37:24.558
Lighting

662
00:37:24.559 --> 00:37:28.302
or the Light feature, can be resource-intensive

663
00:37:28.302 --> 00:37:29.505
As mentioned earlier

664
00:37:29.505 --> 00:37:31.589
there are lights that shine directly

665
00:37:31.589 --> 00:37:36.041
but also lights that are reflected

666
00:37:36.042 --> 00:37:37.901
by these objects have to be calculated

667
00:37:38.131 --> 00:37:40.880
Lighting function has to be heavy

668
00:37:40.880 --> 00:37:43.080
To optimize performance, Unreal Engine

669
00:37:43.081 --> 00:37:49.276
limits the number of lights that can affect 
a single object at any time

670
00:37:49.299 --> 00:37:53.560
Unreal Engine categorizes lights 
into three mobility types

671
00:37:53.818 --> 00:37:57.717
If you select a light

672
00:37:57.718 --> 00:38:03.652
you'll see that it's divided into three mobility types: 
Static, Stationary, and Movable

673
00:38:03.652 --> 00:38:05.800
So, Static is

674
00:38:05.800 --> 00:38:07.931
this type of light is baked into the scene

675
00:38:07.932 --> 00:38:10.012
Instead of calculating lighting in real time

676
00:38:10.012 --> 00:38:11.781
As if you were shining a light on it

677
00:38:11.782 --> 00:38:14.457
It's like drawing a picture on a piece of paper

678
00:38:14.458 --> 00:38:17.869
and drawing the light on the mesh

679
00:38:17.869 --> 00:38:19.720
I'll just draw

680
00:38:19.721 --> 00:38:24.036
and the lighting was only going to draw 
and not work in real time

681
00:38:24.196 --> 00:38:26.946
This setting is called Static

682
00:38:26.946 --> 00:38:29.820
When light is baked onto objects

683
00:38:29.821 --> 00:38:31.667
simulating the effect of illumination

684
00:38:31.668 --> 00:38:35.091
this process is called

685
00:38:35.091 --> 00:38:37.642
Lightmass

686
00:38:37.642 --> 00:38:41.420
Enabling the Static setting allows this feature to function

687
00:38:42.454 --> 00:38:45.514
On the other hand, Stationary lights have a fixed position

688
00:38:45.515 --> 00:38:47.063
and angle

689
00:38:47.063 --> 00:38:48.911
but change the intensity of light and the color

690
00:38:48.911 --> 00:38:54.040
Additionally, the number of lights 
affecting a single object can be limited

691
00:38:54.041 --> 00:38:58.827
For example, you can restrict an object 
from calculating light

692
00:38:58.833 --> 00:39:00.881
from only up to four sources

693
00:39:00.882 --> 00:39:03.042
You can limit like this

694
00:39:03.043 --> 00:39:08.742
It would be good to think of this stationary 
as a system that can impose such restrictions

695
00:39:08.742 --> 00:39:11.538
So, to some extent, it expresses in real time

696
00:39:11.539 --> 00:39:13.553
I think it would be good to think of it

697
00:39:13.554 --> 00:39:17.513
as a button that can help with optimization 
by putting some restrictions

698
00:39:17.714 --> 00:39:21.920
If optimization isn't a concern and you need lights 
to calculate everything in real time

699
00:39:21.920 --> 00:39:22.860
you would use the Movable

700
00:39:22.860 --> 00:39:25.460
Selecting Movable

701
00:39:25.460 --> 00:39:28.640
enables the light to function dynamically

702
00:39:28.641 --> 00:39:30.281
as indicated by the arrow icon

703
00:39:30.520 --> 00:39:33.222
So basically, because we have to focus on optimization

704
00:39:33.222 --> 00:39:37.221
most of the other lights are set to Stationary

705
00:39:37.222 --> 00:39:39.146
by default

706
00:39:39.146 --> 00:39:42.620
Switching the light to Movable 
may slightly reduce performance

707
00:39:43.278 --> 00:39:47.118
but it allows all lighting to function

708
00:39:47.119 --> 00:39:49.398
in real-time

709
00:39:49.399 --> 00:39:52.639
If you encounter an X mark on a light, 
changing its mobility to Movable

710
00:39:52.639 --> 00:39:57.173
will resolve the issue and ensure 
the lighting displays correctly

711
00:39:57.173 --> 00:40:01.213
Post Process

712
00:40:01.360 --> 00:40:04.700
Then, I think the setup is almost done

713
00:40:04.700 --> 00:40:06.180
Since the lighting directing is almost done

714
00:40:06.199 --> 00:40:10.878
Now, let's take a look at Post-Process

715
00:40:10.879 --> 00:40:14.933
Post-processing is not just

716
00:40:14.934 --> 00:40:16.894
looking at the level we created

717
00:40:17.254 --> 00:40:21.359
but it's doing some color correction 
or some special effects

718
00:40:21.360 --> 00:40:23.725
to make it look more beautiful

719
00:40:23.726 --> 00:40:27.919
You can think of it as 
the post-production process used in films

720
00:40:27.919 --> 00:40:33.080
Unreal Engine provides this functionality 
to enhance your scenes

721
00:40:33.080 --> 00:40:38.679
Unlike traditional video editing, 
in the engine, post-processing is applied

722
00:40:38.679 --> 00:40:41.779
in real-time within a 3D space

723
00:40:42.239 --> 00:40:44.360
Let's explore how to use these features

724
00:40:44.360 --> 00:40:47.220
Post-processing was briefly mentioned earlier

725
00:40:47.600 --> 00:40:50.357
By default, Post-Processing is enabled

726
00:40:51.774 --> 00:40:55.620
through the Project Settings under

727
00:40:57.220 --> 00:41:00.460
the Rendering section of the engine

728
00:41:00.560 --> 00:41:03.280
This is how the post-processing function works

729
00:41:03.280 --> 00:41:06.280
So it works to some extent

730
00:41:06.280 --> 00:41:07.781
but you can try to make the settings

731
00:41:07.781 --> 00:41:11.561
a little more in-depth and elaborate

732
00:41:11.720 --> 00:41:14.839
We can direct that space a little more specially

733
00:41:14.839 --> 00:41:20.439
By adding additional control by overlaying

734
00:41:20.439 --> 00:41:24.120
In the Place Actors panel, 
there is a category called Volumes

735
00:41:24.120 --> 00:41:27.261
In the Volumes category

736
00:41:27.261 --> 00:41:31.222
you'll find an actor called Post Process Volume

737
00:41:31.222 --> 00:41:32.519
Drag and drop it

738
00:41:32.519 --> 00:41:35.739
Once added, like this

739
00:41:36.059 --> 00:41:38.000
let's move it upward for better visibility

740
00:41:38.280 --> 00:41:42.720
You'll notice a box appears

741
00:41:42.720 --> 00:41:45.880
This box represents the Post Process Volume

742
00:41:45.880 --> 00:41:49.679
and it is an actor that has the function of

743
00:41:49.679 --> 00:41:52.360
applying the Post Process function

744
00:41:52.360 --> 00:41:55.879
so that the effect can be applied

745
00:41:55.879 --> 00:41:58.479
when the camera enters this area

746
00:41:58.479 --> 00:42:00.819
So, the general way to use the post process

747
00:42:01.079 --> 00:42:06.960
is to install this Post Process Volume and overwrite it

748
00:42:06.960 --> 00:42:10.159
with the basic post process settings

749
00:42:10.779 --> 00:42:13.120
No settings have been configured

750
00:42:13.120 --> 00:42:15.580
so even if the camera enters the volume, 
no changes will occur

751
00:42:16.420 --> 00:42:20.140
When you select the Post Process Volume

752
00:42:20.720 --> 00:42:22.460
at this status

753
00:42:22.461 --> 00:42:24.253
and look at the Details

754
00:42:24.780 --> 00:42:27.820
you'll find several options below the Transform

755
00:42:27.820 --> 00:42:30.719
All these options

756
00:42:30.719 --> 00:42:33.320
are related to the functionality of post-processing

757
00:42:33.320 --> 00:42:35.800
Shall we try changing the color tone?

758
00:42:35.800 --> 00:42:38.280
Look for the Color Grading section

759
00:42:38.280 --> 00:42:40.679
Color Grading section is opened

760
00:42:40.679 --> 00:42:43.159
Within it, you'll find an option called Temperature

761
00:42:43.159 --> 00:42:46.339
which controls the color temperature

762
00:42:46.339 --> 00:42:52.200
By enabling White Balance and the Temperature setting

763
00:42:52.200 --> 00:42:53.839
and the hint

764
00:42:54.608 --> 00:42:57.068
you can adjust the color temperature

765
00:42:57.299 --> 00:42:59.939
Currently, it's set to 6500

766
00:43:00.259 --> 00:43:01.700
Let's see if there's any change

767
00:43:02.560 --> 00:43:03.520
There isn't

768
00:43:03.520 --> 00:43:05.959
As its default setting is 6500

769
00:43:06.119 --> 00:43:09.040
Now, let's lower the value and check again

770
00:43:10.020 --> 00:43:12.080
Enter the volume to observe the changes

771
00:43:12.080 --> 00:43:15.440
When you enter the box, 
you can see the screen's appearance change

772
00:43:15.440 --> 00:43:18.900
Exiting the box restores the original view

773
00:43:19.140 --> 00:43:21.719
The post-process effects activate

774
00:43:21.719 --> 00:43:24.800
only when the camera is inside the Post Process Volume

775
00:43:24.800 --> 00:43:27.560
While inside, adjusting the Temperature

776
00:43:27.560 --> 00:43:31.120
allows you to shift between warm and cool tones

777
00:43:31.120 --> 00:43:36.959
This demonstrates that the effects are applied 
when the camera is within the volume

778
00:43:36.959 --> 00:43:38.540
Let's reposition the volume

779
00:43:38.540 --> 00:43:40.586
slightly lower

780
00:43:41.119 --> 00:43:42.031
Like this

781
00:43:45.399 --> 00:43:46.619
It's a bit small

782
00:43:47.098 --> 00:43:49.239
When you come into this room

783
00:43:49.239 --> 00:43:51.520
When coming in from outside

784
00:43:51.740 --> 00:43:53.619
and you want the color temperature 
to become a little yellow

785
00:43:53.919 --> 00:43:57.600
If you want the state

786
00:43:57.600 --> 00:44:01.019
You should enlarge the area to the size of this room

787
00:44:01.139 --> 00:44:02.940
So, you can just enlarge the area

788
00:44:02.940 --> 00:44:04.319
Just enlarge it by Scale

789
00:44:04.319 --> 00:44:05.840
Widen it

790
00:44:06.720 --> 00:44:10.639
enlarge it sideways and move it

791
00:44:10.639 --> 00:44:13.300
and I'll enlarge it like this and raise it a little bit more

792
00:44:13.300 --> 00:44:16.399
So, we're going to create a post-process area

793
00:44:16.559 --> 00:44:19.280
that's going to surround this large room like this

794
00:44:19.440 --> 00:44:21.739
So, when the camera comes into this room

795
00:44:22.059 --> 00:44:26.480
let's brighten it up like this

796
00:44:27.900 --> 00:44:33.620
You can see that it gets brighter 
when it comes in like this

797
00:44:33.700 --> 00:44:38.040
Right now, the overall feeling is very yellow, 
so having a high color temperature doesn't matter

798
00:44:38.040 --> 00:44:40.600
Let’s adjust it to a cooler tone for clarity

799
00:44:40.600 --> 00:44:44.479
When set this way

800
00:44:44.479 --> 00:44:47.960
you'll see that the color temperature changes to blue

801
00:44:48.220 --> 00:44:49.020
Simple

802
00:44:49.120 --> 00:44:52.879
Then, let's take a quick look at the settings 
for the post process volume

803
00:44:53.319 --> 00:44:55.239
If you look all the way down

804
00:44:56.979 --> 00:44:59.479
there's the post process volume setting

805
00:44:59.479 --> 00:45:01.879
If you look at the post process setting

806
00:45:01.879 --> 00:45:04.959
Priority means priority

807
00:45:05.099 --> 00:45:07.859
The more these volumes overlap

808
00:45:08.159 --> 00:45:10.560
the more uncertain you become 
about which one will take priority

809
00:45:10.560 --> 00:45:13.399
By adjusting the Priority

810
00:45:13.399 --> 00:45:15.120
you can assign higher values to certain volumes

811
00:45:15.120 --> 00:45:16.879
and lower values to others

812
00:45:16.879 --> 00:45:18.439
allowing you to create

813
00:45:18.439 --> 00:45:22.800
unique atmospheres for specific areas

814
00:45:22.800 --> 00:45:26.000
Next, there’s the Blend Radius option

815
00:45:26.000 --> 00:45:27.380
This determines how smoothly

816
00:45:28.000 --> 00:45:30.860
the effect transitions when the camera

817
00:45:30.860 --> 00:45:32.559
moves from outside the volume to inside it

818
00:45:33.039 --> 00:45:39.320
You may have noticed how the changes happen seamlessly

819
00:45:39.660 --> 00:45:43.740
It means the value that changes smoothly

820
00:45:43.960 --> 00:45:45.359
It means the distance

821
00:45:45.359 --> 00:45:46.880
Right now, it's 100 units

822
00:45:46.881 --> 00:45:47.972
About 1 meter

823
00:45:47.972 --> 00:45:50.040
The transition gradually occurs

824
00:45:50.040 --> 00:45:53.560
over about 100 cm, approximately 1 meter

825
00:45:53.560 --> 00:45:55.399
If you set the radius to 0

826
00:45:55.399 --> 00:45:58.479
the changes happen instantly without any smooth transition

827
00:45:58.479 --> 00:45:59.959
So, if you go in and out

828
00:45:59.959 --> 00:46:03.600
you can see it turning on and off like this

829
00:46:03.980 --> 00:46:05.280
Let's increase it a bit

830
00:46:05.280 --> 00:46:07.140
If you increase it to about 300

831
00:46:08.400 --> 00:46:09.262
See?

832
00:46:10.369 --> 00:46:12.229
You can see it gradually turning blue

833
00:46:12.480 --> 00:46:14.059
This is how you adjust it

834
00:46:15.119 --> 00:46:16.031
Turn it

835
00:46:16.680 --> 00:46:18.720
The Blend Weight controls

836
00:46:18.720 --> 00:46:20.199
is literally how much to apply

837
00:46:20.199 --> 00:46:22.940
ranging from 0% to 100%

838
00:46:24.180 --> 00:46:28.139
It means the degree to which this Post Process is applied

839
00:46:28.139 --> 00:46:31.492
I'll set it back to 100%

840
00:46:31.955 --> 00:46:33.843
While Blend Weight determines the intensity of the effect

841
00:46:33.843 --> 00:46:37.500
Enabled simply toggles whether 
the post-process volume is active or not

842
00:46:37.720 --> 00:46:42.560
And what this item below that says 
Infinite Extent (Unbound) means is that

843
00:46:42.560 --> 00:46:46.320
right now you have to be inside the volume 
for the post process to be applied

844
00:46:46.320 --> 00:46:50.679
But if you turn this option on

845
00:46:50.679 --> 00:46:58.400
you can see that the functionality of this volume 
works no matter where you are, regardless of the volume

846
00:46:58.700 --> 00:47:04.520
The idea is that this entire level will apply the properties 
of this volume as they are

847
00:47:04.520 --> 00:47:06.479
When you disable and enable

848
00:47:06.479 --> 00:47:08.680
you can see how it affects the level

849
00:47:09.000 --> 00:47:10.799
Now

850
00:47:10.919 --> 00:47:13.499
let's explore a few commonly used options

851
00:47:14.819 --> 00:47:16.199
First, if you have

852
00:47:16.199 --> 00:47:18.800
the current color temperature and expressed it in blue

853
00:47:18.800 --> 00:47:19.999
Let's turn this off for a moment

854
00:47:21.879 --> 00:47:25.400
and let's finish by looking at 
a few commonly used ones

855
00:47:25.900 --> 00:47:26.940
First, let’s look at Bloom

856
00:47:27.040 --> 00:47:30.199
often referred to as a "soft glow" effect

857
00:47:30.199 --> 00:47:31.840
Enable it

858
00:47:31.840 --> 00:47:33.260
and then Extent

859
00:47:35.120 --> 00:47:37.600
It's good to look at this part that receives light

860
00:47:37.600 --> 00:47:39.479
Let's increase the intensity value a bit

861
00:47:39.479 --> 00:47:42.400
If you keep increasing it

862
00:47:42.400 --> 00:47:45.979
you can feel it becoming white and hazy like this

863
00:47:46.439 --> 00:47:51.479
This option is widely used to add a soft, 
luminous, and vibrant feel to scenes

864
00:47:51.479 --> 00:47:53.000
That's Bloom

865
00:47:54.400 --> 00:47:57.079
Now let's turn off Bloom

866
00:47:59.799 --> 00:48:03.320
and look at Image Effects

867
00:48:03.320 --> 00:48:07.940
which include two options

868
00:48:08.960 --> 00:48:10.360
The first is Vignette

869
00:48:10.768 --> 00:48:13.368
Let's increase its intensity

870
00:48:13.368 --> 00:48:18.560
If you do this, you can see that 
the surroundings of the screen become darker like this

871
00:48:18.560 --> 00:48:20.199
So, when we watch videos or movies

872
00:48:20.199 --> 00:48:21.479
we've seen screens

873
00:48:21.479 --> 00:48:22.840
where the surroundings are a bit darker

874
00:48:22.840 --> 00:48:24.800
and the center is a bit more focused

875
00:48:24.800 --> 00:48:27.199
You can think of it as the same thing

876
00:48:27.199 --> 00:48:28.839
The Vignette effect

877
00:48:29.049 --> 00:48:30.728
helps focus the viewer's attention

878
00:48:30.879 --> 00:48:33.540
by subtly darkening

879
00:48:33.960 --> 00:48:36.839
the edges of the screen

880
00:48:37.279 --> 00:48:40.379
Sharpen controls the clarity of the image

881
00:48:40.379 --> 00:48:41.759
Increasing the value

882
00:48:43.079 --> 00:48:45.880
makes the edges much sharper and more defined

883
00:48:46.920 --> 00:48:48.300
This is Sharpen

884
00:48:49.079 --> 00:48:50.359
If you disable it, the image appears slightly blurrier

885
00:48:51.159 --> 00:48:52.320
It might not be very noticeable now

886
00:48:52.320 --> 00:48:56.040
since the objects are already sharply rendered

887
00:48:56.040 --> 00:48:58.220
It's not that noticeable

888
00:48:59.460 --> 00:49:00.560
Let's increase it

889
00:49:00.560 --> 00:49:02.239
to about 10

890
00:49:02.239 --> 00:49:04.120
In this way, you can see that

891
00:49:04.120 --> 00:49:07.040
these very delicate, small feelings

892
00:49:07.040 --> 00:49:12.380
are sharpened in a very fine way

893
00:49:14.760 --> 00:49:17.159
This is how you can increase the sharpness

894
00:49:18.759 --> 00:49:21.080
Among the post-process effects

895
00:49:21.080 --> 00:49:22.879
If you take a picture

896
00:49:22.879 --> 00:49:24.441
you may have seen what is called a close-up

897
00:49:24.441 --> 00:49:26.466
or out-of-focus

898
00:49:26.466 --> 00:49:28.159
or in portraits or something like that

899
00:49:28.159 --> 00:49:31.300
the face is in focus and the background

900
00:49:31.300 --> 00:49:33.199
is blown away

901
00:49:33.199 --> 00:49:35.399
You often see this effect in movies as well

902
00:49:35.399 --> 00:49:38.339
This technique, called out-focusing

903
00:49:38.799 --> 00:49:41.080
can also be recreated

904
00:49:41.080 --> 00:49:44.080
To achieve this effect, 
you typically use two options together

905
00:49:44.080 --> 00:49:49.599
By using Camera Settings and Depth of Field

906
00:49:49.599 --> 00:49:52.320
you can make out-focusing function

907
00:49:52.440 --> 00:49:55.600
In 3D terminology, it’s commonly referred to as Depth of Field

908
00:49:56.040 --> 00:49:57.760
To use Depth of Field

909
00:49:57.760 --> 00:49:58.880
Camera Settings

910
00:49:58.881 --> 00:50:03.261
and using various options of Depth of Field

911
00:50:03.681 --> 00:50:05.079
you can adjust things

912
00:50:05.719 --> 00:50:07.199
This Depth of Field's

913
00:50:07.200 --> 00:50:08.440
out-focusing feature is

914
00:50:08.440 --> 00:50:12.179
closely tied to the camera lens

915
00:50:12.339 --> 00:50:16.399
both options must be enabled for proper adjustments

916
00:50:16.399 --> 00:50:17.781
Let's focus on

917
00:50:19.573 --> 00:50:21.852
the chair railing in the foreground

918
00:50:21.852 --> 00:50:23.719
and blur out everything in the background

919
00:50:23.959 --> 00:50:27.299
Lower the Aperture

920
00:50:27.959 --> 00:50:29.260
and when you look down

921
00:50:30.200 --> 00:50:33.560
 and then adjust the Focal Distance slider

922
00:50:33.980 --> 00:50:36.360
Initially, with the Focal Distance set to 0

923
00:50:36.360 --> 00:50:37.659
There is no out-of-focus function

924
00:50:37.659 --> 00:50:39.139
so you can say I won't use it

925
00:50:39.359 --> 00:50:43.639
but the moment you input the value like this, 
you can see that it becomes blurry

926
00:50:43.639 --> 00:50:47.199
The Focal Distance determines the distance 
at which the camera focuses

927
00:50:47.199 --> 00:50:48.620
When you increase it

928
00:50:49.120 --> 00:50:50.760
the focus shifts rapidly

929
00:50:50.760 --> 00:50:51.439
Let's set it like this

930
00:50:51.439 --> 00:50:54.280
Now, you can see the center area in sharp focus

931
00:50:54.280 --> 00:50:56.479
while the background is beautifully blurred`

932
00:50:56.479 --> 00:50:58.860
In this way, you can use

933
00:51:00.560 --> 00:51:02.760
the camera function and the Depth of Field

934
00:51:02.760 --> 00:51:04.280
these two functions

935
00:51:04.280 --> 00:51:05.960
to adjust and use

936
00:51:05.961 --> 00:51:08.465
the fine out-of-focus effects

937
00:51:08.680 --> 00:51:11.099
that you want

938
00:51:11.299 --> 00:51:14.360
For character-focused scenes, 
knowing about camera settings

939
00:51:14.360 --> 00:51:18.520
will make the process even smoother

940
00:51:18.520 --> 00:51:21.879
Using post-process effects like this

941
00:51:21.879 --> 00:51:23.560
allows you to enhance your level design

942
00:51:23.560 --> 00:51:25.199
and lighting setup

943
00:51:25.199 --> 00:51:27.639
It ensures that the final image is beautifully polished

944
00:51:27.639 --> 00:51:29.219
showcasing the level

945
00:51:29.799 --> 00:51:32.900
you've created visually stunningly

946
00:51:33.040 --> 00:51:38.800
We have explored level design techniques 
to add depth and dimension to a space

947
00:51:38.800 --> 00:51:41.399
Let's summarize what we've learned in this session

948
00:51:42.220 --> 00:51:43.191
Prop Placement and Types of Lighting
Light Prop Placement
Various assets are prepared in the Props folder of the Content Browser
Freely place lights a

949
00:51:43.191 --> 00:51:44.012
Directional Light
Like the sun, light that expresses distant light has no position value and directionality

950
00:51:44.012 --> 00:51:44.653
When Auto Exposure is activated, even if you adjust the light intensity, it will return to a constant value

951
00:51:44.653 --> 00:51:45.374
When Game Settings is disabled, lighting settings set in Project Settings are not applied to the viewport

952
00:51:45.374 --> 00:51:46.194
Point Light
A light that emits light in all directions from a specific location, like a light bulb, and the direction is irrelevant, but the location is important

953
00:51:46.194 --> 00:51:47.163
You can reduce the Attenuation Radius to prevent the wall from being affected by the point light

954
00:51:47.163 --> 00:51:48.216
Spot Light
A light that emits light in a cone shape from a specific location, both position and rotation are important

955
00:51:48.216 --> 00:51:49.137
Light intensity is 100% in the inner cone range and gradually decreases to the outer cone range

956
00:51:49.137 --> 00:51:49.878
Rect Light
A light that emits light in one direction on a square surface and does not shine light behind the square
Source Width&Height: You can adjust the size of the square

957
00:51:49.878 --> 00:51:50.739
Barn Door Angle&Length: Determine the shape of the light by adjusting the angle and length of the Barn Door

958
00:51:50.739 --> 00:51:51.400
Sky Light
A type of ambient light that does not directly show the light but dimly brightens the entire area

959
00:51:51.400 --> 00:51:52.081
Lumen
A system that can precisely process the reflected light of lighting without a skylight
Since it expresses only the reflected light of an object without applying a skylight, a skylight is required to apply skylight

960
00:51:52.081 --> 00:51:53.202
Lighting Direction
Light Settings
Copy the floor object and place it on the ceiling
Apply M_Basic_Wall from Content StarterContent Materials

961
00:51:53.202 --> 00:51:53.943
Adjust the directional light direction to match the window direction
Apply spotlight to ceiling light and set Cone Angle and Intensity

962
00:51:53.943 --> 00:51:54.804
After applying point light to wall light, set Intensity, Attenuation Radius, and Light Color

963
00:51:54.804 --> 00:51:55.385
Place the spotlight on the wall of the living room and adjust the Inner & Outer Cone Angle
Copy the lighting that has been set and apply it to the lighting of each location

964
00:51:55.385 --> 00:51:56.046
Light Mobility
Static: Fully baked lighting, not suitable for real-time changing lighting
Stationary: Fixed position and rotation, but light intensity and color can be changed

965
00:51:56.046 --> 00:51:57.107
Movable: Apply position, direction, color change, shadow, etc. in real time

966
00:51:57.107 --> 00:51:58.108
Post Process
Post-processing effects such as color correction and special effects on existing rendered scenes

967
00:51:58.108 --> 00:51:58.608
Postprocessing is already applied in Edit Project Settings Engine Rendering

968
00:51:58.608 --> 00:51:59.088
Drag and drop the Post Process Volume actor from the Volume entry in Place Actors

969
00:51:59.088 --> 00:51:59.688
The post-processing function is applied when the camera enters the Volume, which is the area where the post-processing works

970
00:51:59.688 --> 00:52:00.308
Post Process Volume Settings
Priority Determines the priority of a volume when multiple volumes overlap

971
00:52:00.308 --> 00:52:00.908
Blend Radius: Naturally sets the distance at which the volume crosses the boundary
Blend Weight: The degree to which the post-process is applied
Enabled: Determines whether the volume is active

972
00:52:00.908 --> 00:52:01.393
Infinite Extent (Unbound): Determines whether the volume's effect affects the entire level
Bloom: Blurs out areas brightened by light

973
00:52:01.393 --> 00:52:02.119
Camera: You can create out-of-focus effects using the options and Depth of Field options