1 00:00:07.000 --> 00:00:14.450 Now we're at the fourth book of Mere Christianity 2 00:00:14.450 --> 00:00:16.700 The main title of Book 4 is 3 00:00:16.700 --> 00:00:22.200 'Beyond Personality: Or First Steps In The Doctrine Of The Trinity' 4 00:00:22.200 --> 00:00:26.850 It's a record about God of Trinity 5 00:00:26.850 --> 00:00:35.000 The first chapter is titled 'Making and Begetting' 6 00:00:35.000 --> 00:00:36.850 Many people want to 7 00:00:36.850 --> 00:00:41.750 know about God more exactly and clearly 8 00:00:41.750 --> 00:00:48.850 but they run into the doctrine of the church 9 00:00:48.850 --> 00:00:52.250 So although they want to know God 10 00:00:52.250 --> 00:00:57.100 the doctrine is too monotonous for them 11 00:00:57.100 --> 00:01:00.350 and 'doesn't touch upon their hearts' 12 00:01:00.350 --> 00:01:02.850 I am writing this with for those who think that way 13 00:01:02.850 --> 00:01:06.550 with consideration and empathy 14 00:01:06.550 --> 00:01:08.400 And he makes this example 15 00:01:08.400 --> 00:01:12.550 A wide Atlantic Ocean 16 00:01:12.550 --> 00:01:15.400 and a map that points to the Atlantic Ocean 17 00:01:15.400 --> 00:01:18.500 To someone who really explored the Atlantic Ocean 18 00:01:18.500 --> 00:01:23.500 and experienced sailing through this ocean 19 00:01:23.500 --> 00:01:27.150 the map drawing out the Atlantic Ocean 20 00:01:27.150 --> 00:01:29.800 ("This map doesn’t capture the vibrancy") is just paper, paint 21 00:01:29.800 --> 00:01:32.650 ("and grandeur of the Atlantic Ocean") and coloring 22 00:01:32.650 --> 00:01:35.050 But when looking at the map 23 00:01:35.050 --> 00:01:38.350 he says we need to remember two things 24 00:01:38.350 --> 00:01:43.250 First, that map is based on the experiences of 25 00:01:43.250 --> 00:01:50.000 people who actually traveled and explored 26 00:01:50.000 --> 00:01:51.700 the Atlantic Ocean many times 27 00:01:51.700 --> 00:01:55.000 It didn't come out of nowhere 28 00:01:55.000 --> 00:02:00.000 A map is created through accumulated knowledge 29 00:02:00.000 --> 00:02:04.150 of people who actually stepped on the land and traveled 30 00:02:05.750 --> 00:02:08.200 It will be a different story for the satellite era (like today) 31 00:02:08.200 --> 00:02:10.450 but in Lewis's generation 32 00:02:10.450 --> 00:02:13.050 unless they didn't sail the ocean themselves 33 00:02:13.050 --> 00:02:16.450 they couldn't draw out the map 34 00:02:16.450 --> 00:02:22.400 Therefore, although the map is a dry document 35 00:02:22.400 --> 00:02:25.050 and those who haven't been to the ocean 36 00:02:25.050 --> 00:02:29.000 will not feel anything while looking at the map 37 00:02:29.000 --> 00:02:32.100 but that map is 38 00:02:32.100 --> 00:02:35.450 absolutely necessary for the actual travel 39 00:02:35.600 --> 00:02:37.450 You need to remember these two things 40 00:02:37.450 --> 00:02:43.200 First, the map is made by those who actually visited 41 00:02:43.650 --> 00:02:50.400 Next, those who want to go there must refer to the map 42 00:02:50.400 --> 00:02:52.800 These two functions of a map 43 00:02:52.800 --> 00:02:55.650 (Map = doctrine) is just like learning the knowledge 44 00:02:55.650 --> 00:02:59.900 of theological doctrine through church 45 00:02:59.900 --> 00:03:03.300 If we listen to theological doctrine 46 00:03:03.300 --> 00:03:06.300 "Theology is important too, but meeting God is more important" 47 00:03:06.300 --> 00:03:08.650 It's easy to say that but 48 00:03:08.650 --> 00:03:10.600 for that theological doctrine 49 00:03:10.600 --> 00:03:13.900 numerous historical people believed in God 50 00:03:13.900 --> 00:03:16.550 walked with Him and met Him 51 00:03:16.550 --> 00:03:19.450 and when they carried out his Words 52 00:03:19.450 --> 00:03:26.600 God's experiences that they gained were organized into this spiritual map 53 00:03:26.650 --> 00:03:29.150 Therefore, we must not ignore it 54 00:03:29.150 --> 00:03:31.000 In the trip of 55 00:03:31.000 --> 00:03:33.400 learning about God 56 00:03:33.400 --> 00:03:37.000 the doctrine guideline is necessary no matter what 57 00:03:37.000 --> 00:03:39.350 In the trip of learning about God 58 00:03:39.350 --> 00:03:42.800 the importance of theology and doctrine 59 00:03:42.800 --> 00:03:45.000 is emphasized again 60 00:03:45.000 --> 00:03:46.250 What's the reason for that? 61 00:03:46.250 --> 00:03:50.900 This is a preliminary explanation 62 00:03:50.900 --> 00:03:56.300 for explaining the most important, Trinity of God 63 00:03:56.300 --> 00:03:58.650 and the map was used as an example 64 00:03:58.650 --> 00:04:02.300 In the core of the theological doctrine that we believe in 65 00:04:02.300 --> 00:04:03.950 there are two 66 00:04:03.950 --> 00:04:11.500 First, Jesus Christ was born as the son of God 67 00:04:11.500 --> 00:04:17.300 Here, he explains the difference between created and born 68 00:04:17.550 --> 00:04:20.100 When we create something 69 00:04:20.100 --> 00:04:24.550 we create a different type 70 00:04:25.000 --> 00:04:27.300 But when something is born 71 00:04:27.300 --> 00:04:33.000 the same type comes into existence 72 00:04:33.766 --> 00:04:35.967 Humans give birth to humans 73 00:04:36.352 --> 00:04:38.652 'Birds give birth to birds' 74 00:04:38.652 --> 00:04:43.702 And 'cats give birth to cats' 75 00:04:43.702 --> 00:04:48.600 But humans don't give birth to boats they make boats 76 00:04:48.600 --> 00:04:52.800 We don't say 'Humans give birth to houses' We say they make houses 77 00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:54.150 Because they're different types 78 00:04:54.150 --> 00:04:58.350 When explaining the relationship 79 00:04:58.350 --> 00:05:00.600 between God and Jesus Christ 80 00:05:00.600 --> 00:05:05.600 Jesus isn't a created creation 81 00:05:05.600 --> 00:05:08.600 He's a born being 82 00:05:08.600 --> 00:05:13.000 That means He's the same type of being as God 83 00:05:14.100 --> 00:05:19.000 Jesus is described as One and only begotten Son 84 00:05:19.400 --> 00:05:21.000 When expressed in English 85 00:05:22.091 --> 00:05:24.941 One and only begotten Son 86 00:05:25.052 --> 00:05:27.902 One and only begotten Son 87 00:05:29.400 --> 00:05:31.450 'It's the only one 88 00:05:31.450 --> 00:05:33.250 and he is begotten' That's what it means 89 00:05:33.250 --> 00:05:34.550 'Only begotten Son' 90 00:05:34.550 --> 00:05:37.600 doesn't literally mean 'only one son' 91 00:05:37.600 --> 00:05:39.750 You shouldn't interpret it that way 92 00:05:39.750 --> 00:05:42.500 Monogenes 93 00:05:42.500 --> 00:05:49.550 It means he exists alone and was begotten alone 94 00:05:49.550 --> 00:05:52.850 From the word genes 95 00:05:52.850 --> 00:05:58.000 English words such as generator and generation were created 96 00:05:58.600 --> 00:06:01.950 It includes the meaning of begotten 97 00:06:01.950 --> 00:06:04.550 The only one to be begotten 98 00:06:04.550 --> 00:06:06.600 He's Jesus Christ 99 00:06:06.600 --> 00:06:09.650 Therefore, He's the only Son of God 100 00:06:09.650 --> 00:06:12.700 He was the only one 101 00:06:12.700 --> 00:06:14.600 who was begotten by God 102 00:06:14.600 --> 00:06:17.750 Therefore, he is the Only begotten Son 103 00:06:17.750 --> 00:06:22.450 and in English, 'One and only begotten Son' 104 00:06:22.450 --> 00:06:25.750 He's the only begotten Son 105 00:06:25.750 --> 00:06:28.050 Then what kind of a being are humans? 106 00:06:28.050 --> 00:06:29.500 We are created beings 107 00:06:29.500 --> 00:06:33.900 God created the universe 108 00:06:33.900 --> 00:06:36.200 and created humans 109 00:06:36.200 --> 00:06:39.000 Humans are not the same type as God 110 00:06:39.000 --> 00:06:41.000 God didn't beget us 111 00:06:41.000 --> 00:06:43.100 He made us with soil 112 00:06:43.100 --> 00:06:46.000 and gave life to make humans 113 00:06:46.000 --> 00:06:50.550 Therefore, fundamentally we are a different being from God 114 00:06:50.550 --> 00:06:53.650 This is God's transcendence 115 00:06:53.650 --> 00:06:55.850 But the amazing thing is 116 00:06:55.850 --> 00:06:59.150 when we believe in Jesus 117 00:06:59.150 --> 00:07:02.800 the only begotten Son Jesus 118 00:07:02.800 --> 00:07:05.400 coming to this world 119 00:07:05.400 --> 00:07:08.150 and dying for us and resurrecting 120 00:07:08.150 --> 00:07:12.050 Those who believe that he's our Savior 121 00:07:12.050 --> 00:07:17.500 become God's children just like Jesus 122 00:07:17.500 --> 00:07:22.300 The created being is changed like the begotten being 123 00:07:22.300 --> 00:07:26.950 In the entire Book 4, C.S. Lewis 124 00:07:26.950 --> 00:07:30.200 is trying to explain this core argument 125 00:07:30.200 --> 00:07:32.350 The only begotten Son 126 00:07:32.350 --> 00:07:35.150 of God, Jesus Christ 127 00:07:35.150 --> 00:07:37.500 He came to this world because 128 00:07:37.500 --> 00:07:41.450 humans made from soil and life 129 00:07:41.450 --> 00:07:44.900 were disconnected from God forever due to sin 130 00:07:44.900 --> 00:07:50.000 and were even punished due to the everlasting separation 131 00:07:50.000 --> 00:07:53.950 But because of the only begotten Son, Jesus Christ 132 00:07:53.950 --> 00:07:59.550 everyone who believed in Him became the children of God 133 00:07:59.550 --> 00:08:03.650 The created being was changed like the begotten being 134 00:08:04.900 --> 00:08:08.350 Near the end, C.S. Lewis talks about toy soldiers 135 00:08:08.350 --> 00:08:10.450 becoming like living beings 136 00:08:10.450 --> 00:08:13.350 'We're changing' 'It's a good contagion' 137 00:08:13.350 --> 00:08:15.100 And then explains about 138 00:08:15.100 --> 00:08:18.000 the spiritual life 139 00:08:19.000 --> 00:08:21.000 He says there are two types of life 140 00:08:21.000 --> 00:08:23.750 One is eternal life 141 00:08:23.750 --> 00:08:27.000 In Greek, it's called Zoe 142 00:08:27.000 --> 00:08:33.400 It's life that can exist on its own without relying on anything 143 00:08:33.400 --> 00:08:35.350 Second is life of beos 144 00:08:35.350 --> 00:08:43.800 The life of beos is a reliant life and needs help from the outside 145 00:08:43.800 --> 00:08:47.000 When us humans were created 146 00:08:47.000 --> 00:08:49.550 we were created as the life of beos 147 00:08:49.550 --> 00:08:51.750 It's because we're a created being 148 00:08:51.750 --> 00:08:55.200 Jesus Christ is zoe (eternal life) 149 00:08:55.200 --> 00:08:57.550 He has eternal life 150 00:08:57.550 --> 00:09:03.750 The one with zoe life coming down to beos life 151 00:09:03.750 --> 00:09:06.700 is the incarnation of Jesus 152 00:09:06.700 --> 00:09:08.950 Why did the one with zoe life (eternal life) 153 00:09:08.950 --> 00:09:12.650 convert to the beos life (biological life)? 154 00:09:12.650 --> 00:09:17.150 That's because those who end with the beos life (biological life) 155 00:09:17.150 --> 00:09:22.350 The humans who end everything with death 156 00:09:22.350 --> 00:09:28.100 He wanted to bring them into the eternal life, zoe life 157 00:09:28.100 --> 00:09:33.500 That's why Jesus came down to the beos life 158 00:09:33.500 --> 00:09:34.900 Although God created humans 159 00:09:34.900 --> 00:09:38.700 the difference between humans and other creatures is that 160 00:09:38.700 --> 00:09:41.600 we were created in God's image 161 00:09:41.600 --> 00:09:45.250 and with God's image that God formed 162 00:09:45.250 --> 00:09:48.400 The same as Jesus Christ 163 00:09:48.400 --> 00:09:51.750 the Son of God 164 00:09:51.750 --> 00:09:56.450 Although we're not the same class 165 00:09:56.450 --> 00:10:02.250 He sat us at the same place in the Heavens 166 00:10:02.250 --> 00:10:06.100 and giving all their inheritance to us as well 167 00:10:06.100 --> 00:10:10.850 He wanted us to be God's children 168 00:10:10.928 --> 00:10:11.928 Mere Christianity 169 00:10:11.978 --> 00:10:13.228 Book 4 Beyond Personality: Or First Steps In The Doctrine Of The Trinity 170 00:10:13.236 --> 00:10:17.936 Chapter 2 The Three-Personal God 171 00:10:18.150 --> 00:10:23.950 As C.S. Lewis explains these two lives 172 00:10:23.950 --> 00:10:27.850 he explains the God of Trinity 173 00:10:27.850 --> 00:10:31.100 Zoe is the life that was inside the God of Trinity 174 00:10:31.100 --> 00:10:35.650 Father, Son, and Holy Spirit 175 00:10:35.650 --> 00:10:40.150 All three are God of eternal life 176 00:10:40.150 --> 00:10:43.800 How did we get to know the God of Trinity? 177 00:10:43.800 --> 00:10:48.550 We were able to know 178 00:10:48.550 --> 00:10:50.450 through the only begotten Son, Jesus 179 00:10:50.450 --> 00:10:53.550 Before He came to this world 180 00:10:53.550 --> 00:10:58.150 we didn't know who the God of Trinity was 181 00:10:58.150 --> 00:11:02.250 The reason why Israel people didn't know God well was because 182 00:11:02.250 --> 00:11:05.950 they didn't accept Jesus 183 00:11:05.950 --> 00:11:08.550 as the only begotten Son of God 184 00:11:08.550 --> 00:11:10.650 They didn't realize the Holy Spirit 185 00:11:10.650 --> 00:11:13.000 because they didn't believe in Jesus 186 00:11:13.000 --> 00:11:16.800 After Jesus finished his redemption work on this land 187 00:11:16.800 --> 00:11:19.900 before ascending, he told his disciples 188 00:11:19.900 --> 00:11:22.600 a promise that the Holy Spirit will come 189 00:11:22.600 --> 00:11:28.400 and with the Comforter Holy Spirit coming 190 00:11:28.400 --> 00:11:33.700 our life ending with beos 191 00:11:33.700 --> 00:11:38.450 converting into eternal zoe 192 00:11:38.450 --> 00:11:40.200 That's what the Spirit does 193 00:11:41.150 --> 00:11:45.700 Therefore, the work of Trinity are all connected 194 00:11:45.700 --> 00:11:46.600 And God of Trinity 195 00:11:46.600 --> 00:11:49.450 are working as one 196 00:11:49.450 --> 00:11:53.800 and they work with a common goal 197 00:11:53.800 --> 00:11:56.650 In Mere Christianity, C.S. Lewis 198 00:11:56.650 --> 00:12:00.050 explains the Trinity this way 199 00:12:00.050 --> 00:12:06.800 "In God's dimension, Trinity is three beings and one at the same time" 200 00:12:06.800 --> 00:12:10.850 When explaining this, he explains with a cube 201 00:12:10.850 --> 00:12:15.000 "Although there's one cube" 202 00:12:15.000 --> 00:12:19.000 "Six squares are together" 203 00:12:19.000 --> 00:12:25.700 They are a complete one that cannot be separated 204 00:12:25.700 --> 00:12:27.850 It's one cube 205 00:12:27.850 --> 00:12:32.450 but six squares existing at the same time 206 00:12:32.450 --> 00:12:35.850 Just like that, the three beings 207 00:12:35.850 --> 00:12:37.500 became completely one 208 00:12:37.500 --> 00:12:38.900 When we think of it 209 00:12:38.900 --> 00:12:42.900 it might seem amazing yet impossible 210 00:12:42.900 --> 00:12:46.250 But our God is almighty 211 00:12:46.250 --> 00:12:51.150 He's eternal, and more than we can imagine 212 00:12:51.150 --> 00:12:53.450 He goes beyond that 213 00:12:53.650 --> 00:12:56.400 We can't realize God because 214 00:12:56.400 --> 00:13:00.450 a being at the one-dimension level 215 00:13:00.450 --> 00:13:02.800 cannot understand the dimension of shapes 216 00:13:02.800 --> 00:13:06.400 and the being in two-dimension 217 00:13:06.400 --> 00:13:12.300 cannot understand the three- dimensional world 218 00:13:12.300 --> 00:13:14.500 The three-dimension can look out towards the two-dimension 219 00:13:14.500 --> 00:13:17.300 And two-dimension can understand the one-dimension but 220 00:13:17.300 --> 00:13:20.050 At the one-dimensional straight line 221 00:13:20.050 --> 00:13:24.000 the three-dimensional world of solids cannot be understood at all 222 00:13:24.350 --> 00:13:29.600 Beyond the dimensions, four-dimensions and five-dimensions 223 00:13:29.600 --> 00:13:33.450 Just like how that world cannot be understood by one and two dimensions 224 00:13:33.450 --> 00:13:37.100 God's dimensions and our dimensions are different 225 00:13:37.550 --> 00:13:41.250 The things we feel and experience 226 00:13:41.250 --> 00:13:43.900 and our life limited to the world (of five senses) 227 00:13:43.900 --> 00:13:49.550 How can we understand the dimension of 228 00:13:49.550 --> 00:13:53.750 the eternal God, the complete God, the almighty God? 229 00:13:53.750 --> 00:13:55.650 We can't understand it 230 00:13:55.650 --> 00:13:57.250 Just because we can't understand it 231 00:13:57.250 --> 00:13:59.550 doesn't mean it's not real 232 00:13:59.550 --> 00:14:02.200 There are so many things that we cannot understand 233 00:14:02.200 --> 00:14:03.750 but are actually true 234 00:14:03.750 --> 00:14:06.550 God is the God of Trinity 235 00:14:06.550 --> 00:14:08.650 We cannot understand everything but 236 00:14:08.650 --> 00:14:14.000 Him existing as Trinity is the truth and the way 237 00:14:14.950 --> 00:14:16.450 In Math as well 238 00:14:16.450 --> 00:14:20.050 1+1+1 is definitely 3 239 00:14:20.050 --> 00:14:21.550 They're three numbers 240 00:14:21.550 --> 00:14:24.950 But if 1+1+1 is changed to multiplication 241 00:14:24.950 --> 00:14:27.600 1×1×1 is 1 242 00:14:27.600 --> 00:14:30.700 How can three 1's become 3 when added 243 00:14:30.700 --> 00:14:34.150 but 1 when multiplied? 244 00:14:34.150 --> 00:14:38.250 In the mathematical world, we just accept that 245 00:14:38.250 --> 00:14:43.150 as a rule, how can we understand that? 246 00:14:43.700 --> 00:14:47.400 In the weakness of humans who can't understand everything 247 00:14:47.400 --> 00:14:50.200 being humble is necessary 248 00:14:50.200 --> 00:14:52.400 C.S. Lewis says that God of Trinity 249 00:14:52.400 --> 00:14:53.600 who appeared to us 250 00:14:53.600 --> 00:14:55.950 through Jesus Christ 251 00:14:55.950 --> 00:14:58.500 it's the complete form of God 252 00:14:58.500 --> 00:15:01.600 The theological and doctrinal knowledge 253 00:15:01.600 --> 00:15:03.700 about the God of Trinity 254 00:15:03.700 --> 00:15:06.900 is just like a map, although we haven't been everywhere 255 00:15:06.900 --> 00:15:09.250 Although we haven't been to Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean 256 00:15:09.250 --> 00:15:11.450 in order to see how Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean looks like 257 00:15:11.450 --> 00:15:13.300 and in order to travel there 258 00:15:13.300 --> 00:15:16.900 we have to know how it looks. Just like that 259 00:15:16.900 --> 00:15:19.550 when we explore the world of belief 260 00:15:19.550 --> 00:15:21.900 we must start with the map 261 00:15:21.900 --> 00:15:26.000 of God of Trinity 262 00:15:26.000 --> 00:15:28.050 That's what he's explaining 263 00:15:28.050 --> 00:15:30.600 In the next chapter, we'll continue 264 00:15:30.600 --> 00:15:33.000 the explanation about 265 00:15:33.000 --> 00:15:35.900 who God is 266 00:15:43.705 --> 00:15:58.905 Book 4 Chapter 1 Summary 267 00:16:00.005 --> 00:16:13.806 Chapter 2 Summary