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Chapter 5 states humanity’s entangled mire

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That is why its title is called

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'We Have Cause to be Uneasy'

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So there is a cause

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Why is humanity uneasy?

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C.S. Lewis explains that it is because

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humanity cannot live according to
the Law of Human Nature as it ought to

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This law presses upon us from within

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There exists ‘One’ behind the universe

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who created everything,

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made humanity,
and placed this law within us

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Yet, up to this point,

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Lewis refrains from
referring to a Christian God

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instead referring only to

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'something behind the universe’

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or ‘something above humanity'

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This approach stirs curiosity

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and fosters a more objective view of God

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This is

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an inductive method

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The deductive method
begins with conclusions

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like ‘Christian God exists’
or ‘This is the God's way,’

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and then proceeds to explain further

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In an atheistic society, or at a time

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with the rise of evolution
and materialistic thinking,

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it’s understandable to think

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 that introducing

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one’s belief in God directly

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may not be effective

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In Chapter 5, he reminds us once again

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of the evidence for this
‘being behind it all'

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First is the universe
that this being created

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When we look at the universe,

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the being behind it appears
as an awe-inspiring artist,

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but if the universe is our only clue,

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this being may also seem terrifying

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From afar, the sea is beautiful,

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but dive into its deep waters,

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and it fills us with fear and dread

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When we look at the stars,
we call them beautiful,

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but if we were to go up
there in a spacecraft,

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we’d feel only fear and
anxiety about falling

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Therefore, the universe
is an object of beauty for us,

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but also one of immense fear and dread

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The universe alone cannot
reveal the nature of the being

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who created the Law of Human Nature
that presses upon us

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Thus, beyond the universe,
there is further evidence

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he Moral Law placed within humanity,
within our very minds

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By examining our inner selves,

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we can understand something in nature

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of the One who set
the ‘Law of Human Nature'

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that presses upon us

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So what is this unease upon humanity?

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It is the burden, responsibility,
guilt, and anguish

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felt due to the Moral Law placed upon us

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It's an unease felt when
we are not in the right

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So in Chapter 5,

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unlike 'The Law of Human Nature'
up until Chapter 4,

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Chapter 5 uses the word 'Moral Law'

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The Moral Law is very harsh on humanity,

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as Lewis puts,

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'There is nothing indulgent about
the Moral Law. It is as hard as nails'

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'It tells you to do the straight thing
and it does not seem to care

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how painful, or dangerous,
or difficult it is to do'

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'If it is pure impersonal mind,

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there may be no sense in asking it

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to make allowances
for you or let you off'

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We are ordered to do the straight thing,

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and despite the difficulty,

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this being does not care

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And to this impersonal being,

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asking to let one off will make no sense

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And, Lewis is yet to use

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the biblical name of God for this being

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'You know at bottom that
unless the power behind the world

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really and unalterably detests
that sort of behavior,

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then He cannot be good'

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Therefore, the being behind the universe,

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who created humanity
and gave us this Law,

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must be an absolutely good being

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People think it would be pleasant
to stand before an absolutely good being,

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but that is not the case

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It is a 'great danger'

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that makes our case 'hopeless'

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The absolutely ‘Good Being’
created the universe,

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and because this ‘Good Being’
is all-powerful,

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the universe exists

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Because this Being is absolutely good,

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He implanted within us the Moral Law

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that dictates how we ought to act

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Therefore, for humans
who fail to live rightly,

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standing before the absolutely good Being

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is an absolutely terrifying prospect

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Here, Lewis talks about
the Christian God for the first time

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[Absolutely Good Creator]
The being behind it all

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can only be the Lord God

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The God revealed in the Bible is

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not only the Creator of heaven
and earth and omnipotent,

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but also the one who
demands the Moral Law,

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or the Law of Right and Wrong

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The Bible presents Him as
an absolutely good being

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Here, C.S. Lewis connects
his argument thus far

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to the God of the Bible as its foundation

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And he continues,

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'God is the only comfort,
He is also the supreme terror,

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the thing we most need and
the thing we most want to hide from'

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'He is our only possible ally,

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and we have made ourselves His enemies'

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'Some people talk as if meeting the gaze
of absolute goodness would be fun'

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'They are still only
playing with religion'

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'There is a real Moral Law,
and a Power behind the law,

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and that you have broken that law

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and put your self wrong with that Power'

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'It is after all this that
Christianity begins to talk'

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'When you know you are sick,
you will listen to the doctor'

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'When you have realized that
our position is nearly desperate

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you will begin to understand what
the Christians are talking about'

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'All I am doing is to ask
people to face the facts,

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the questions which
Christianity claims to answer'

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'It is no use at all trying to go on

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without first going through
that dismay (at the facts)'

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This is the key conclusion
C.S. Lewis has been driving at

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in all the chapters of Book 1

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'Comfort is the one thing
you cannot get by looking for it'

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'If you look for truth, you may
find comfort in the end'

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Thus, to find comfort,
one must first look for truth

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'If you look for comfort
(without facing the facts),

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you will not get either comfort or truth,

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but only soft soap and
wishful thinking to begin with

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and, in the end, despair'

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Ultimately, C.S. Lewis
urges us to face the truth

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that we must confront

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Book 1 explains that we must
acknowledge the foundational truths

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behind the biblical story

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In Book 1, C.S. Lewis discussed
the Law of Right and Wrong

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and explained the absolutely good God

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Why is this work important?

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If an absolutely good being exists,

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so does an absolute truth in the world

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A defining feature of
today’s postmodern era is

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the belief that there
is no absolute truth

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It relativizes everything

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Each person’s claim is
seen as an individual truth

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However, in the time C.S. Lewis lived,

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perhaps at the start of postmodernism,

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he must've to seen this shift intuitively

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Thus, he explains that
there is an ‘absolute truth,’

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a standard humans ought to follow,

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and that humanity has failed

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to reach this truth

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In the following Book 2,

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Lewis explains what Christians believe

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Thus, Book 1 served as
preliminary groundwork

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before presenting
Christianity’s core truths

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So, before explaining
‘what to believe’ apologetically,

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Book 1 addresses ‘why' we should believe,

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and in Book 2, Lewis will
explain the central truths

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that Christians are called to believe

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Chapter 5: What Lies Behind the Law

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1. Evidence for the Being Behind the Law

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1) The Universe He Created
Contains both beauty and fear

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Does not fully explain
the being behind it

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2) The Moral Law within Our Minds
Humans possess the internal knowledge

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2. The Being Behind the
Universe and Moral Law (God)

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An absolutely good being
Creator of the universe and the Moral Law