WEBVTT

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Realistic in-depth
Introduction of Unreal Cinematics and its Basics

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Hello, this is the second lecture of Unreal Cinematic

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Structure of Sequencer and Introduction of its Functions

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First, I'll briefly explain about sequencer

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Sequencer is a file in Unreal Engine

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that includes the cinematic sequence and the interactive elements

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For editing and managing sequences within the level

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this file is used

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This is how to create a sequencer

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Like the screen, go to the content browser window

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Right click on it, then go to Cinematics - Level Sequence

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This is how to add the camera actor in the sequencer window

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On the top part of the sequencer window, there's the camera icon

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when you click this icon

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Cine Camera Actor gets added

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This is how to set the key frame

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In the screen, next to the list

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click the part that I emphasized

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And a key gets created on that part of play

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When two or more key frames are created on the timeline

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animation forms, and just like on the screen

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when you select the actor that has the animation

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you can see the animation line

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And when you move the play bar in the sequencer

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the animation works along the line

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In the sequencer, when the camera is created

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you can see in the icon of Cine Camera Actor

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there's a lightning symbol

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This only appears when the sequencer is opened

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and it's called Spawnable Actor

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When the sequencer is closed, the corresponding actor

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doesn't show on the level

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And if you want to change this mode

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Right click on the Actor, then select Convert to Possessable

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Then the lightning symbol will disappear

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Until here, I've briefly introduced

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the basic setting methods of the cinematic sequencer

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I'll now explain Cine Camera Actor

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to show you how to produce cinematics using the sequencer

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First, in the content browser

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right click and go to Cinematics

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Here, create Level Sequence

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Now in order to create sequencer animation

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you can create Sequencers in Unreal

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I'll name it Animation_test for now

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Make it like this

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Double-click to open the sequencer window

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And you can see the sequencer animation window like this

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When you click on the camera icon here

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The viewport changed too, right?

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You can create the Cine Camera Actor right away

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You can see that the actor is created like this

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Then, in Cine Camera Actor

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select the Transform layer

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Grab a keyframe at the current starting point

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Like this, you can see that the keyframe was created

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Let's create another one

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If it moved like this

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then we create another keyframe

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And then when we select the Cine Camera Actor

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as you can see, you can see the animation path

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You can see this

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And I'll show you the difference between

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Possessable and Spawnable

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Currently, if there's a lightning symbol here

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this guy is in the Spawnable form

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Only when the sequencer is opened

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this actor is formed

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Even when the sequencer is turned off

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you want the actor to stay

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then right-click on it and click Convert to Possessable

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Then even when the sequencer window is closed

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like this, the Cine Camera Actor is

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still there, as you can see

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Function of Cine Camera and Introducing Ways to Use

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Cine Camera Actor possesses the functions

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of a camera that's used in the actual filming

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You can set the filmback, lens mm, and the focus

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There's a function to automatically track the designated actor in the scene

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and the automatic focus function

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So you can easily film the shot

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When you arrange the Cine Camera Actor

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the first thing you need to fix is the sensor value

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In Unreal, just like the camera used in actual movies

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you can input the sensor size

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Based on the sensor value, the image is viewed differently on the camera

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Take a look at the following screen

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and observe the difference in the images based on the sensor value

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For the sensor size of the left picture

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it's set as width 36.7, height 15.31, and lens 50 mm

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For the right picture

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it's set as width 18.35, height 7.65, and lens 25 mm

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With the same angle, you can see that

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the image effect is clearly different

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The Cine Camera Actor provided by Unreal

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can be set up just like the actual filming camera

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It's an actor that has all the functions

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If you see here, you can input the sensor size

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on this parameter value called Filmback

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With the frames of the same angle

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I'm going to show you the change in depth based on the sensor size

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Currently, the sensor size is 18.35 mm by 7.65 mm

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with the camera lens of 25 mm

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With the 25 mm camera

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you can see that it appears like this image

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And this time, when it's 36.7 by 15.31 with the lens of 50 mm

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then it looks like this screen

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As you can see, the blurring of the photo frame for the 50 mm

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is much more out of focus

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When it's at 25 mm, it's less than the 50 mm

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It's less out-of-focus

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This difference is called being shallower in depth

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This expression is a very important part of cinematics

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so you should know about this function

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The bigger the sensor size is, the shallower the depth

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The proportion used widely in movies is 2.39:1

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and the sensor size value is shown on the screen

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There's a website for learning about these camera sensor values

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and I've written it on the screen

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In this website, you can know

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the camera sensor sizes used in movies

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This time, I'll show you the differences in subjects based on the camera lens value

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The first one is 24 mm, second is 50 mm, and the third if 85 mm

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As you can see, when the subject is filmed

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with camera of the same angle

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the greater the lens value, the shallower the depth

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The ears of the subject look parallel

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and the face overall looks flat

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These differences

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are important in cinematic storytelling

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Based on how you make the subject look

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the audience of the video

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receives different emotions

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This time, it's the fog differences based on the camera lens

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As you can see, in the same angle

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the amount of fog that you can see varies based on the mm value

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The reason is because the distance of the camera is different

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The amount of fog differs because

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the further the camera is from the subject, within the same angle

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as the lens reaches the subject

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it has to pass by a relatively more amount of fog

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Therefore, when there's a decent value of fog

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rather than using a lens with large mm

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lens with a small mm

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may be more suitable for filming

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It will be helpful to consider this

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This time, an appropriate amount of fog is captured

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in this example of camera angle

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As you can see, when it's filmed with 24 mm

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there's an expression of depth

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and just the right amount of fog due to distance

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And you can see that the fog doesn't affect the subject

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First, let's view an example level through the screen

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and see the corresponding value ourselves

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This time, the difference in subjects based on the camera lens

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and the changes in fog amount will be shown

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First, I'll show you the lens mm value

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24 mm, 50 mm, then 85 mm

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As you can see, the greater the mm value

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the bigger the subject's face looks

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Therefore, based on how you want to express the subject

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it will be good to set the camera lens mm value appropriately

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And for fog, in order to capture the same angle

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the greater the mm value

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the further the distance between the subject and the camera

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So as much as the distance increases

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the amount of fog will increase as well

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The subject is located here

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and when it's in 24 mm, it's right in front of the subject

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And when it's in 50 mm, it's further than that

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And for 85 mm, it's even further than 50 mm

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Based on the distance between the subject and the camera actor

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you can see that there's a difference in the fog amount, like this

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This time, I'll explain the camera aperture

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In the real camera, the aperture basically

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becomes brighter and shallower when it's more opened

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The more it's closed, the darker and deeper it gets

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In Unreal's Cine Camera Actor

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we can make the brightness remain the same

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and only adjust the depth, like a trick

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In Unreal camera, for the aperture value

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just like on the screen

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in the detail panel window of Cine Camera Actor

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go to Crop Settings -> Current Aperture

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And this is the parameter that adjusts the value of the aperture

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Now, in order to express the trick using the aperture

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I'll tell you the steps

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First, setting the camera sensor size

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Second, in the post process of camera

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set the exposure value to Auto exposure histogram

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Third, adjust the exposure value

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so that it will look the same as the environment set in the existing viewport

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Fourth, go to Crop Settings and change the Current Aperture value

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Fifth, check the changes in depth as the values are changed

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With the camera set with these steps

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when the aperture is changed

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I'll show you the changes in images

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These are when the aperture is at 1.4, 2.8, and 5.6 respectively

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As you can see, the smaller the aperture number

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the shallower the depth

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And when the value increases, the depth becomes deeper

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Through the computer screen

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the changes in depth based on changes in aperture value

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will be reviewed

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I'll show you how to express depth using aperture value

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This function is impossible in real life

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In Unreal, the exposure value can be fixed

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so we can make changes in depth through changes in aperture

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First, in PostProcessVolume, go to Exposure

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set an appropriate exposure amount

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Then select the Cine Camera Actor

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and in this actor, go to Lens -> Exposure

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and expand the exposure parameter

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Here, you can also set the exposure function

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Here, you must set it as auto

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The value here is probably 0 at first

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As you can see, the viewport

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and the camera will have different exposure levels

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So match this first

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Then go up to Current Aperture

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This is the aperture function

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When you increase the value like this

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you can see that the depth changes

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Next is camera focus

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Rather than explaining the camera focus

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I'll explain how to do it conveniently

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at the functional level

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Go to the detail panel window of Cine Camera Actor

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Then in Focus method, change the mode to Tracking

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Then you can track a particular actor

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Search on the list or select it with a pipette

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to select the actor you wish in the viewport

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Let's watch the computer screen

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to review Focus Setting

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I'll show you how to select the tracking actor

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As you can see, in the Cine Camera Actor

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there's the Focus Setting

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Here, in Focus Method

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select the Tracking mode

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Then under here, a window appears

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where you can select the actor you want to track

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Or, the parameter value appears

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Here, when you select the actor to be tracked

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Then the focus tracking ends

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Like this, even when the camera moves

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the focus is on that particular actor

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So there's no changes in focus

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Functions of Camera Rig Rail and Introducing the Usage Method

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This time, I'll explain about

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the Camera Rig that Unreal provides

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Rather than setting the camera movement yourself

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this tool can make it easier

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It's used often at the pre-vis level

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The types I'll explain are the Camera Rig Crane

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and Camera Rig Rail

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For Camera Rig Rail, search Rig on the Place actor window

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and select the camera rig rail option

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Since it's a Spline form

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you can freely express it

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For Camera Rig Crane

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search Rig on the Place actor window

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and select the Camera Rig Crane

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You can use the Jimmy-Jib function of a real camera

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with this tool

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Take a look at the computer screen

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and we'll do hands-on learning about

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Camera Rig and Crane

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This is explanation of Camera Rig and Rig Crane

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As you can see, arrange the Rig Rail

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and in Outliner, on the descendants

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map the Cine Camera Actor

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Then here, for the value of Current Position on Rail

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change it like this

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Then you can set the camera movement

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And in the case of Camera Crane

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as you can see, it's arranged like this

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Since we can't see it well, let's set it to Unlit mode

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Just like the Camera Rig Rail

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map the Cine Camera Actor as the descendant

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Pitch is the vertical direction

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and Yaw is the horizontal direction

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And for Crane Arm Length

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it functions to send the camera further

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Through these three values, set the key

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then create animation

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Just like the Camera Rig Rail

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you can create the camera movement

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Introducing Ways to Express Cinematic Effects

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This time, just like the actual camera

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it's a camera shake function that adds reality

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Camera shake is

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adding shaking motions as if an actual person filmed it

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In Unreal, this function is produced in blueprint

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and in the Cine Camera Actor arranged in the level sequencer

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we can add it

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This is how to create camera shake

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Right-click on content browser, then select new blueprint class

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Under the window, expand ALL CLASSES, then search shake

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Select Legacy camera shake

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The function of camera shake blueprint

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is shown on the following screen

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The widely used functions are Oscillation and Los Oscillation

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Those are the two

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This is how to apply the camera shake

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Like the screen, in the level sequencer

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Select the + icon of the camera actor

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In Camera Shake, select the file

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produced with blueprint

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Then on the Camera Actor layer, the shake animation

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will be applied

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In addition, when the section is expanded by dragging

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the applied section will be changed

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The camera shake file

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can be arranged in multiples on one camera

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The important point is that, for cinematic expression

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the camera shake function is a must

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In the computer screen, let's review

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how to create and apply the shake file

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This is how to add the camera shake function

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In Camera, select the + icon

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and select Camera Shake

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Then you can see the camera shake file made previously

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Select one of them

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and a layer forms like this

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Drag it like this to make it work on the entire section

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Then play it

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Like this, even if it's at the same position

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there's the camera shake function

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Next is intentional flaw for cinematics

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Like the screen, in the actual movie filming

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they apply a filter to intentionally

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lower the quality of the image when filming

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In Unreal, these effects

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can be expressed in a different way

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This time, Post Volume will be arranged here

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and I'll show you how to use it

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Utilizing Bloom and Lens Flares

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Activate Bloom and Lens Flares

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Go to Lens Flares -> adjust Bokeh Size

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In the screen, the Lens Flares is not bright

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but rather appears subtly

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This is how to utilize Exponential height fog

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The Volumetric fog function of the fog actor

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needs to be activated

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For this function, at the part where the light shines

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the ray of light can be expressed

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This is a second way to utilize Exponential height fog

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If you want to reduce the overall fog amount

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and only express the ray of the light

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Go to the detail panel window of Light

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and adjust the Volumetric Scattering Intensity value

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Let's review ways to utilize Post Volume

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and applications of the Height fog

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Bloom and Lens Flares

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and adjusting Volumetric fog of the lighting actor

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are the functions that I'll explain

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First, in the case of Bloom

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Like this, a glowy feeling on the screen

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can be created through this function

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Values greater than 1 are rarely used

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So I usually put it at this value

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Then if you go down, there's Lens Flares

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for this guys, the basic value is 1

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Lens Flares that appear on the camera

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can be created with this

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Here, put it at the value of 1

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then increase the Bokeh Size under that

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Then the Bokeh image where the Lens Flare is at

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becomes expanded like this

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You can use cinematic effects with these as well

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And now for the light

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I'll explain the function of adjusting the fog amount

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As you can see, I selected SpotLight of StandingLamp

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scroll down on the list, and there's this guy

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There's Volumetric Scattering Intensity

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When this guy is adjusted, as you can see

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the amount of light ray can be adjusted

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Up to here, is the end of this lecture

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We'll review what we learned and wrap up this lecture

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And that was all for the second lecture of cinematics
Thank you

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Structure of Sequencer and Introducing its Functions

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Level Sequencer
A file in Unreal Engine that includes the cinematic sequence and the interactive elements

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The file that's used for editing and managing the sequence within the level

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Difference between Possessable and Spawnable

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The Cine Camera Actor of the Sequencer is a Spawnable form, where it gets placed on the level when the corresponding level sequencer is opened

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To change this setting, right-click and select Convert to Possessable

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Function of Cine Camera and Ways to Utilize it
Cine Camera Actor

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Possesses the functions used in the actual filming camera
Can set the filmback, lens mm, and focus

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There are functions to automatically track the designated actor in the scene and automatically set the focus, so easy filming is possible

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Sensor size
The first part that has to be fixed when the Cine Camera Actor is arranged

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Can input the sensor size, just like the real camera for movies
The greater the sensor size, the shallower the depth

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Camera lens
Expression of subject differs based on the camera lens value

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- The greater the lens value, the shallower the depth. Ears of the subject looks more parallel and the face looks flatter

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Camera Aperture & Depth of Field
In Unreal, expressions of depth can be done with just the aperture value

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In Unreal Cine Camera Actor, there's the trick of only adjusting the depth and leaving the brightness as-is

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Camera Focus & Camera Rig
In Unreal, there's the function where the focus can be tracked on a particular object

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Camera Rig is a tool that makes camera movement easier than doing it manually

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Types of Camera Rig: Camera Rig Crane, Camera Rig Rail

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Camera Shake
Adding a shake as if a real human filmed it

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In Unreal, this function is produced in blueprint and can be added in the Cine Camera Actor arranged in the Level Sequencer

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Introducing Ways to Express Cinematic Effects
In Post Volume, utilize Bloom and Lens Flares

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Using Volumetric Scattering Intensity by utilizing Volumetric fog