0 00:00:05.045 --> 00:00:09.852 With the spread of Coronavirus Disease-19 in 2020 1 00:00:10.117 --> 00:00:14.021 the need for risk management due to environmental changes has been emphasized 2 00:00:15.045 --> 00:00:20.429 Despite the advancement of medical technology and the strengthening of the quarantine system, the spread of infectious diseases continued as 3 00:00:20.453 --> 00:00:26.602 movement between countries increased, urbanization and population density increased 4 00:00:27.201 --> 00:00:31.463 and social and economic damage was huge 5 00:00:31.615 --> 00:00:36.367 due to treatment of the disease and quarantining, human losses due to death 6 00:00:36.714 --> 00:00:39.673 and shrinking economic activities due to anxiety among economic actors 7 00:00:40.559 --> 00:00:46.508 As such, it is most important to prevent infectious diseases in that the risk of infectious diseases is 8 00:00:46.908 --> 00:00:53.224 large in size and impact when an accident occurs, and it is difficult to calculate the amount of damage 9 00:00:54.492 --> 00:01:01.072 Infectious diseases refer to Class 1 infectious diseases, Class 2 infectious diseases 10 00:01:01.292 --> 00:01:10.199 Class 3 infectious diseases, Class 4 infectious diseases, parasitic infectious diseases, infectious diseases subject to monitoring by the World Health Organization, bioterrorism infectious diseases 11 00:01:10.633 --> 00:01:17.810 sexually transmitted infections, zoonotic infectious diseases, and medical-related infectious diseases pursuant to 12 00:01:18.115 --> 00:01:23.603 Article 2 No. 1 of the Infectious Disease Prevention and Management Act 13 00:01:25.326 --> 00:01:33.197 These infectious diseases may be classified into 10 types 14 00:01:33.544 --> 00:01:39.333 as follows in accordance with No.2 through 12 of Article 2 of the Act on the Prevention and Management of Infectious Diseases 15 00:01:39.684 --> 00:01:42.812 and Article 1 of the Notice of Types of Infectious Diseases Designated by the Minister of Health and Welfare 16 00:01:44.063 --> 00:01:50.364 First, Class 1 infectious diseases must be reported immediately after occurrence or epidemic 17 00:01:50.626 --> 00:01:56.275 due to high bioterrorism infectious diseases or high mortality rates or high risk of mass outbreaks 18 00:01:56.605 --> 00:02:01.499 and it is a infectious disease that requires a high level of quarantine such as negative pressure quarantine 19 00:02:01.635 --> 00:02:08.490 and include infectious diseases designated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in consultation with the Minister of Health and Welfare 20 00:02:08.591 --> 00:02:16.644 because the prediction of the sudden influx or epidemic in Korea of such diseases need urgent prevention and management 21 00:02:18.129 --> 00:02:26.542 These Class 1 infectious diseases include Ebola virus, Marburg fever, Lassa fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever 22 00:02:26.809 --> 00:02:33.513 South American hemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, Smallpox, plague, and anthrax 23 00:02:34.776 --> 00:02:39.033 Class 2 infectious diseases are infectious diseases that must be reported within 24 hours 24 00:02:39.069 --> 00:02:43.748 of occurrence or epidemic considering the possibility of transmission 25 00:02:44.059 --> 00:02:49.512 and require quarantine, and it includes infectious diseases designated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in consultation 26 00:02:49.809 --> 00:02:56.902 with the Minister of Health and Welfare because of the prediction of the sudden influx or epidemic in Korea of such diseases 27 00:02:57.076 --> 00:02:59.497 need urgent prevention and management 28 00:03:00.343 --> 00:03:08.275 These Class 2 infectious diseases include tuberculosis, chickenpox, measles, cholera, typhoid, paratyphoid, 29 00:03:08.473 --> 00:03:16.973 shigellosis, enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection, hepatitis A, whooping cough, mumps, 30 00:03:16.997 --> 00:03:22.515 rubella, polio, and meningococcal infections 31 00:03:23.313 --> 00:03:28.528 Class 3 infectious diseases are infectious diseases that require continuous monitoring of outbreaks 32 00:03:28.690 --> 00:03:34.103 and must be reported within 24 hours when outbreaks or epidemics occur 33 00:03:34.316 --> 00:03:40.418 and include infectious diseases designated by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in consultation with the Minister of Health and Welfare 34 00:03:40.597 --> 00:03:47.945 because the prediction of the sudden influx or epidemic in Korea of such diseases need urgent prevention and management 35 00:03:49.068 --> 00:03:57.873 Class 3 infectious diseases include tetanus, hepatitis B, Japanese encephalitis, hepatitis C, malaria, 36 00:03:58.015 --> 00:04:03.860 Legionellosis, Vibrio vulnificus, and typhus 37 00:04:05.563 --> 00:04:13.345 In addition to infectious diseases ranging from Class 1 to 3 infectious diseases, Class 4 infectious diseases are 38 00:04:13.618 --> 00:04:19.247 infectious diseases that require sample monitoring activities to investigate whether they are prevalent 39 00:04:19.473 --> 00:04:28.675 including influenza, syphilis, ascariasis, trichuriasis, enterobiasis, clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis, metagonimiasis, 40 00:04:28.699 --> 00:04:36.867 hand-foot-and-mouth disease, gonorrhea, chancroid, genital herpes simplex, and condyloma acuminata 41 00:04:38.464 --> 00:04:43.806 Parasitic infectious diseases are infectious diseases caused by infection with parasites 42 00:04:43.936 --> 00:04:49.875 including ascariasis, trichuriasis, enterobiasis, clonorchiasis, paragonimiasis, 43 00:04:50.053 --> 00:04:55.335 metagonimiasis and parasitic infections from abroad 44 00:04:56.058 --> 00:05:02.774 Infectious diseases subject to monitoring by the World Health Organization are diseases that are subject to monitoring 45 00:05:02.798 --> 00:05:07.557 by the World Health Organization to prepare for an emergency in international public health 46 00:05:07.820 --> 00:05:14.334 They are announced by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, including smallpox, polio, novel influenza, 47 00:05:14.631 --> 00:05:22.096 severe acute respiratory syndrome, cholerae, pneumonic plague, yellow fever, viral hemorrhagic fever, 48 00:05:22.296 --> 00:05:24.506 West Nile Fever 49 00:05:26.194 --> 00:05:33.070 Bioterrorism infectious disease is an infectious disease announced by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency 50 00:05:33.094 --> 00:05:38.132 among infectious diseases caused by pathogens used for intentional or terrorist purposes 51 00:05:38.282 --> 00:05:44.950 There are anthrax, botulism, plague, Marburg fever, Ebola fever, Lassa fever, 52 00:05:45.158 --> 00:05:47.901 smallpox, and tularemia 53 00:05:49.279 --> 00:05:54.295 Sexually transmitted infectious diseases are infectious diseases announced by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency 54 00:05:54.538 --> 00:06:00.765 among infectious diseases transmitted through sexual contact, including syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, 55 00:06:00.800 --> 00:06:05.955 chancroid, genital herpes simplex, and condyloma acuminata 56 00:06:07.013 --> 00:06:13.518 The zoonotic disease is an infectious disease announced by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency 57 00:06:13.542 --> 00:06:18.725 among infectious diseases caused by pathogens spread between animals and humans 58 00:06:19.079 --> 00:06:26.412 There are enterohemorrhagic E. coli infection, Japanese encephalitis, brucellosis, anthrax, hydrophobia, 59 00:06:26.574 --> 00:06:35.072 avian influenza human infection, severe acute respiratory syndrome, variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, 60 00:06:35.288 --> 00:06:40.757 W fever, tuberculosis, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome 61 00:06:41.389 --> 00:06:46.225 Lastly, medical-related infectious diseases are infectious diseases 62 00:06:46.317 --> 00:06:52.619 that occur in the process of patients or pregnant women receiving medical treatment, 63 00:06:52.915 --> 00:07:00.145 and are announced by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency because surveillance activities are required 64 00:07:00.335 --> 00:07:07.396 Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, 65 00:07:07.807 --> 00:07:13.471 Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection 66 00:07:14.076 --> 00:07:19.127 Next, let's look at the types and causes of seasonal infectious diseases 67 00:07:19.517 --> 00:07:25.527 Here, seasonal infectious diseases refer to infectious diseases that spread seasonally, 68 00:07:26.001 --> 00:07:31.161 and variables that determine the seasonality or degree of infectious diseases include 69 00:07:31.331 --> 00:07:35.096 the seasonality of pathogens and the seasonality of hosts 70 00:07:35.454 --> 00:07:41.418 For example, for flu, virus stability is sensitive to temperature and humidity 71 00:07:42.036 --> 00:07:46.898 Infectious diseases that occur mainly in spring include measles, mumps, 72 00:07:46.922 --> 00:07:50.952 chickenpox, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, eye disease, and respiratory disease, 73 00:07:51.122 --> 00:07:59.189 and food poisoning, cholera, shigellosis, typhoid, Legionella, and Japanese encephalitis in summer 74 00:07:59.631 --> 00:08:05.458 There are epidemic hemorrhagic fever, tsutsugamushi disease, and leptospirosis in autumn 75 00:08:05.697 --> 00:08:08.058 and influenza in winter 76 00:08:08.561 --> 00:08:12.804 First, let's take a detailed look at the infectious diseases of spring 77 00:08:13.277 --> 00:08:19.886 Measles is an epidemic disease caused by the measles virus and is a very contagious acute infectious disease 78 00:08:20.242 --> 00:08:26.985 Symptoms include fever, runny nose, conjunctivitis, erythematous spots, confluent rash such as papules, 79 00:08:27.102 --> 00:08:31.486 or rash diseases such as enanthem 80 00:08:32.379 --> 00:08:36.743 Mumps is an acute infectious disease in which salivary glands, 81 00:08:36.893 --> 00:08:41.974 especially salivary glands under the chin, are inflamed by mumps virus 82 00:08:42.231 --> 00:08:45.713 Asymptomatic infections account for 20%, 83 00:08:45.928 --> 00:08:52.501 and if there are symptoms, the salivary glands under the ear swell and pain is accompanied for about a week, 84 00:08:52.597 --> 00:08:58.136 and spread from saliva droplets from infected people's coughs and sneezes 85 00:08:58.658 --> 00:09:03.465 Chickenpox is a disease that accompanies fever and systemic rash blisters, 86 00:09:03.579 --> 00:09:09.320 and is very contagious and causes a rapid epidemic in many places where group life is common, 87 00:09:09.493 --> 00:09:11.714 and occurs mainly in children 88 00:09:12.093 --> 00:09:17.030 It is transmitted when a virus exposed in the air is inhaled through the respiratory tract, 89 00:09:17.326 --> 00:09:25.039 and if there is a patient in the family, the secondary transmission rate is very high reaching up to 90% 90 00:09:25.467 --> 00:09:30.730 Also, anyone who has never had chickenpox in the past or has not been vaccinated 91 00:09:30.754 --> 00:09:32.862 can get it 92 00:09:33.241 --> 00:09:36.793 Next, let's take a look at infectious diseases of summer 93 00:09:36.817 --> 00:09:44.953 Food poisoning is a disease that causes hives, fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, 94 00:09:45.143 --> 00:09:49.632 nervous system symptoms or symptoms across the whole body after ingesting contaminated food, 95 00:09:49.956 --> 00:09:55.193 and care should be taken in food management due to the high possibility of group occurrence 96 00:09:55.292 --> 00:10:01.482 Mainly, virus, bacteria, parasites, poisonous mushrooms, foods with exotoxins, 97 00:10:01.583 --> 00:10:07.635 and toxins such as fruits and vegetables stained with pesticides are transmitters of the diseases 98 00:10:08.060 --> 00:10:15.196 Causes of food poisoning include insufficient cooking temperature and time, 99 00:10:15.434 --> 00:10:19.888 storage of food at inappropriate temperatures for a long time 100 00:10:20.125 --> 00:10:25.052 management and use of contaminated utensils, containers, and dirty cooking utensils 101 00:10:25.357 --> 00:10:31.751 personal unsanitary habits, neglect of hand washing, and carelessness in handling food 102 00:10:32.388 --> 00:10:37.974 Cholera is an infectious disease with severe diarrhea and is highly contagious 103 00:10:37.998 --> 00:10:42.985 so it is likely to spread significantly if it is not detected early 104 00:10:43.263 --> 00:10:45.662 and for elderly people, they might result in death 105 00:10:46.259 --> 00:10:51.804 Raw or undercooked seafood could be the source of infection of Vibrio cholerae 106 00:10:51.828 --> 00:10:55.930 and it occurs when food is cooked or consumed by contaminated hands 107 00:10:56.021 --> 00:11:01.579 It is mainly transmitted through feces, food contaminated with vomit, and water 108 00:11:02.354 --> 00:11:08.080 Typhoid is an infectious disease called typhoid fever, and it is tending to occur regardless of the season 109 00:11:08.487 --> 00:11:14.338 It occurs highest in summer, and in the case of carriers, it is difficult to detect infectious agents 110 00:11:14.510 --> 00:11:20.042 because they continue to excrete bacteria without any symptoms themselves 111 00:11:20.596 --> 00:11:27.934 It is mainly caused by salmonella and is spread by food or water contaminated by feces of patients or carriers 112 00:11:28.126 --> 00:11:34.505 so it can be prevented by blocking the path of transmission between humans 113 00:11:35.215 --> 00:11:40.840 Legionellosis is an infectious disease caused by Legionella and 114 00:11:40.864 --> 00:11:45.258 causes symptoms of Legionella pneumonia or Pontiac fever 115 00:11:45.476 --> 00:11:51.074 and occurs in large buildings such as hospitals, hotels, buildings, and factories 116 00:11:51.584 --> 00:11:56.698 It develops at high temperatures in summer, and can be cured if treated early 117 00:11:56.984 --> 00:12:03.191 but it has a fatality rate of 15-20% if not treated 118 00:12:03.657 --> 00:12:08.326 Mainly, infections occur by being inhaled into the human body through the respiratory tract 119 00:12:08.527 --> 00:12:16.402 and artificial water facilities such as cooling tower water, cold and hot water in buildings 120 00:12:16.426 --> 00:12:18.777 and public bathhouse water are the main sources of Legionellosis' infection 121 00:12:19.708 --> 00:12:24.115 Shigellosis is a relatively highly infectious disease 122 00:12:24.139 --> 00:12:29.378 an infectious disease that causes large and small epidemics in various regions in Korea 123 00:12:29.402 --> 00:12:31.374 and occurs frequently in summer 124 00:12:31.808 --> 00:12:39.021 In addition, it is a disease caused by Shigella and is a type 1 legal infectious disease 125 00:12:39.045 --> 00:12:45.113 makes several in vitro toxins, and is resistant to antibacterial drugs 126 00:12:45.658 --> 00:12:51.439 In addition, contact infections are also common because they can be infected even in very small amounts 127 00:12:51.540 --> 00:12:56.768 and the secondary incidence within the family is as high as 10-40% 128 00:12:56.792 --> 00:13:05.465 Substances contaminated by humans are mainly transmitted from the hand to the mouth through direct interpersonal infection 129 00:13:05.646 --> 00:13:10.073 through feces and oral routes or through food, hands, feces, and flies 130 00:13:10.837 --> 00:13:14.420 This time, let's take a look at infectious diseases of autumn 131 00:13:14.801 --> 00:13:19.390 Epidemic hemorrhagic fever is a disease called hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome 132 00:13:19.487 --> 00:13:23.342 which occurs in dry seasons with relatively low rainfall 133 00:13:23.477 --> 00:13:31.043 and is common in outdoor residents such as soldiers, people who enjoy camping, hiking, and fishing 134 00:13:31.471 --> 00:13:38.759 The causative agent is the Hantaan virus, and the human body is infected through the respiratory tract 135 00:13:38.846 --> 00:13:41.964 as excrement in the urine and saliva of wild mice dries 136 00:13:42.468 --> 00:13:48.545 If you have an epidemic hemorrhagic fever, symptoms such as fever, headache, and cough appear 137 00:13:48.806 --> 00:13:52.104 but you need to be careful because you can get it confused with the flu 138 00:13:53.939 --> 00:14:01.325 Leptospirosis is a disease that is transmitted through contact with contaminated water, food, and soil, and through consumption of water and food 139 00:14:01.349 --> 00:14:06.535 and if treatment of the right time is missed, it can lead to death 140 00:14:07.023 --> 00:14:09.741 Human-to-human transmission is not clear 141 00:14:09.765 --> 00:14:16.231 and bacteria are transmitted mainly through microscopic wounds or mucous membranes on the skin 142 00:14:16.255 --> 00:14:18.043 of people working in contaminated areas 143 00:14:18.480 --> 00:14:23.885 In addition, bacteria are released from the urine of animals infected with Leptospira bacteria 144 00:14:24.086 --> 00:14:30.375 contaminating water and soil, and often occurs collectively when standing up fallen rice 145 00:14:30.549 --> 00:14:33.811 due to flooding in rural areas 146 00:14:35.328 --> 00:14:40.447 Tsutsugamushi disease is an acute autumn epidemic 147 00:14:40.687 --> 00:14:47.274 caused by the larvae of the woolly aphids biting people 148 00:14:47.475 --> 00:14:53.348 and is also called the woolly aphids disease because the larvae of the woolly aphids transmit rickettsia disease when biting people 149 00:14:53.765 --> 00:14:59.037 Aphids parasitic on wild mice are carriers of Tsutsugamushi bacteria 150 00:14:59.226 --> 00:15:04.501 and large scars are what characterize these aphid bites 151 00:15:05.051 --> 00:15:12.218 Lastly, shigellosis, a winter infectious disease, is a intestinal infection caused by Shigella bacteria 152 00:15:12.517 --> 00:15:16.927 and is very contagious disease that accompanies bloody diarrhea 153 00:15:17.504 --> 00:15:22.919 If you get shigellosis, you may experience sudden high fever and general weakness 154 00:15:23.123 --> 00:15:29.004 and in the case of the elderly, complications such as pneumonia and myocarditis may occur in a short period of time 155 00:15:29.139 --> 00:15:30.457 so care should be taken